「障道法」探源

The Etymology of 障道法

高明道(Friedrich F. Grohmann)

《中華佛學學報》 8期 (1995/07) Pp. 130-235

https://doi.org/10.6986/CHBJ.199507.0130

摘要

本文從語源的角度出發，嘗試考證散見於漢釋佛典的名相「障道法」。先將諸例依各出處上下文義歸納成「四法說」、「惡魔說」、「眾障說」、「無畏說」等四類，然後經由《護國菩薩經》、《般若經》、《阿含》、《律》等文獻種種傳本、譯本的比對，考訂所尋獲之「障道法」例，來源可能有四──paripanthakaraka dharme、sanga、avarana及antarayika dharma──，而各別討論的同時，並對每類內容略加探索。

並列摘要

The present paper offers the results of a preliminary etymological study on the term 障道法 which one encounters in Chinese translations of canonical Buddhist literature. Though sadly neglected by lexicographers like the language of Buddhist texts in general, this term proves to be of considerable interest for a better understanding of translation techniques employed by the Asian pundits of yore who devoted themselves to the task of bridging cultures ＂through religion. In this brief study canonical passages using the term under consideration are located and analysed within their context. The identified sections belong to four different settings which are subjected to detailed discussion. In each case, other translations of the relevant texts or, to be more precise, varIant versions of the same scriptures both in Chinese and Tibetan are consulted as well as, if available, Sanskrit or Pali parallels. These comparative analyses show that the Chinese Buddhist term discussed here, not at all a very common expression, probably represents as many as four different w rds or phrases in the Indian originals corresponding to Sanskrit paripanthakaraka dharma, sang a, avarat:la and antarayika dharma. Equally astounding is the discovery that in any of these cases 障道法 is what Seebold (following Betz) calls ＂Lehntibertragungen＂, and that in half of the instances no less than two thirds of the graphs constituting the term are additional elements without corresponding morphs in the Indian original. Obviously, what is unfolding here is a vast and fascinating field for further research in the ＂translation＂ of meaning, but instead of indulging in interpretation the present paper only attempts at specifying what the individual texts understood to be ＂obstacles＂.

參考文獻

(1993)。「頻申欠呿」略考。中華佛學學報。6，173。

(1991)。＜蟻垤經　初探＞。中華佛學學報。4，58-59。

高麗藏。

磧砂藏。

龍藏。