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自然史博物館之蒐藏實踐

Collecting Practices of Natural History Museums

摘要


博物館蒐藏研究(collecting study)到後現代主義(post-modernism)的影響,脫離以往針對博物館實務操作的研究層面,將博物館視為一個主要研究對象,並對博物館的功能角色產生一種反思的體認。自然史博物館透過蒐藏工作,選擇蒐藏品和進行一系列的分類、鑑定、命名、研究,乃至於管理的工作,將世界自然物與人為物加以挑選、收納,在一定的政策計畫、空間安排下系統性的進行。然而,在博物館進行蒐藏實踐的過程當中,又受到自身所處社會文化的影響,反映在社會中個體與個體間、個體與團體間,以及團體與團體間的運作機制上。特別是蒐藏者在社會文化中的條件和功能性、個體自我論述的角度以及蒐藏物件世界中一種權力操控的追求。本文以自然史博物館為研究對象,藉由民族學田野調查方法,選擇國立自然科學博物館作為研究案例,期使筆者能夠真正深入、長期的進駐一個自然史博物館機構中,以人類學家觀察、訪談的方式進行本論文之研究:探索自然史博物館蒐藏工作,以及與其所處社會文化之關係。

並列摘要


Affected by post-modernism, museum collecting studies are focused on the museums themselves, serving as catalysts for rethinking of their functions and roles. In natural history museums, curators choose specimens and artifacts and systematically carry out classification, identification, naming and management of those specimens and artifacts under specific collection policies. However, the collecting practice is influenced by the society and culture, which is reflected in the operating mechanisms between individuals, between individuals and groups and between groups. In particular, this applies to collector conditions and functions in terms of society and culture, self description and pursuit of the power to control collections. This study focuses on the natural history museum and ethnological fieldwork methods. The National Museum of Natural Science (NMNS) was chosen as the case study, and anthropological curatorial staff members were observed and interviewed to explore the collection work of a natural history museum, and the interaction between collection practice and society.

參考文獻


Alexander, Edward.(1996).Museums in Motion.Walnut Creek:AltaMira Press.
Ambrose, Timothy,Paine, Crispin.(1995).Museum Basics.New York:Rout-ledge.
Burcaw, Ellis.(1997).Introduction to Museum Work.Walnut Creek:AltaMira Press.
Hooper-Greenhill. Eilean.(1992).Museums and the Shaping of Knowledge.New York:Routledge.
Pearce, Susan.(1995).Collecting Process. On Collecting.London:Routledge.

被引用紀錄


李素珍(2009)。國立博物館行政法人化相關問題之探討〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200900680
向麗容(2006)。臺灣自然史博物館教育人員環境教育專業知能與發展之需求〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-0712200716130564
吳麗鶯(2009)。以國立自然科學博物館特展吸引力探究遊客參與動機、阻礙與滿意度之關係〔碩士論文,亞洲大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0118-1511201215461600
陳瑩(2011)。自然史博物館策展人員資訊行為之研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315243778

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