以觀政事：清初姚文爕的雄縣仕宦經歷與修志訴求

Yao Wenxie, A County Magistrate and Local Gazetteer Compiler in Early Qing

唐立宗(TANG, Li-chung)

《新亞學報》 35卷 (2018/08) Pp. 203-248

https://doi.org/10.6743/NAJ.201808_35.0005

摘要

清康熙八年至十年間，桐城人姚文爕擔任直隸保定府雄縣知縣，這段期間他遭遇地方大水、圈地、投充、驛遞、鹽課、狐皮徵收等一連串延續的紛擾，並主持過地方志書的纂修工作，在康熙十年即完成當地入清以來的首部縣志－《雄乘》。本文結合姚文爕仕宦經歷與志書纂修活動，就雄縣個案來觀察清初華北地方上的政治、社會現象，說明此時地方志書的纂修訴求，經常是反映地方利弊、陳述政績，並受到官方鼓勵。姚文爕主導的康熙《雄乘》，具有經世實用性，主張用文章以觀政事，是為一大特色。不過我們也可發現到，志書中常蘊含纂修者自我標榜之用意，地方官離任後，很快已不合時宜。另一方面，當地雖有重修之舉，這部康熙《雄乘》依舊補刻印行，長達二百多年未能被取代，深刻印證該志的價值。

關鍵字

清初 ； 姚文爕 ； 雄縣 ； 《雄乘》 ； 地方志

並列摘要

During his two years of serving as the county magistrate of Xiongxian between 1669 and 1671, Yao Wenxie coped with the administrative challenges that were characteristics of North China in early Qing. His long-lasting achievement, however, was the compilation of the first local gazetteer of Xiongxian in the Qing dynasty. This gazetteer not only provides us with a rare record of the social landscape of Xiongxian, but also reveals the conflicts between Yao and the local elites. This gazetteer is also testimony to Yao's cultivation of an image of himself as a moral and competent official.

並列關鍵字

Early Qing ； Yao Wenxie ； Xiongxian ； Xiongsheng ； local gazetteers