保羅．利科文本詮釋學視野下的《楞嚴經》解讀

The Buddhist Scripture of Surangama Sutra in the Perspective of Paul Ricoeur's Textual Hermeneutics

謝健(Xie Jian)

《人間佛教研究》 3期 (2012/12) Pp. 199-227

摘要

唐漢譯佛經《楞嚴經》篇幅宏大，顯密結合，邏輯縝密。關於其是否中土偽經，一直是學界關注爭論的焦點。儘管身世成謎，自宋以降，《楞嚴經》就成為了佛教各宗爭相注疏的對象。關於這部經文的注疏著作多不勝數，其詮釋學意義非常值得我們重視和發掘。本文擬借用保羅．利科(Paul Ric□ur)的文本本體論，解析《楞嚴經》中「隱喻」、「象徵」、「意義」、「語境」等文本特徵。本文從「摩登伽女」這一形象入手，分析其在文本隱喻「三千大千世界」的作用；並結合佛教文化體系，從隱喻中提取「慾望」這一核心語義，構成本文中的象徵元素。以隱喻和象徵為線索，文本中凸顯出「隱含的存慾—慾之害—去慾」的宗教觀，並表達出作為神話的原型意義。天台宗、華嚴宗等佛教宗派皆從自身語境出發對這一原型文本做注疏。本文主要章節為：一、《楞嚴經》之真偽與價值。二、《楞嚴經》與詮釋學。三、保羅．利科(Paul Ric□ur)的文本本體論。四、文本本體論與《楞嚴經》的解讀。希望通過論述，使讀者對《楞嚴經》的文本特徵有新的理解。

關鍵字

利科 ； 詮釋學 ； 隱喻 ； 楞嚴經

並列摘要

It is hard to tell whether the Buddhist scripture of Sūrangama Sūtra, an extremely valuable Buddhist scripture from the hermeneutic point of view, was a spurious writing in Tang Dynasty or not. Since the Song Dynasty, Sūrangama Sūtra had been interpreted by various schools of Buddhism. This paper illuminates the textual characteristics of Sūrangama Sūtra in the perspective of Paul Ricoeur's textual ontology: symbol, metaphor, meaning, and linguistic context. This research begins with the process of interpretation with a literary image of Mātangī Girl that is a metaphor of boundless universe. The core conceptual meaning of the metaphor is the symbol of desire according to Buddhist cultural system. The symbol and metaphor sketch the outline of an archetypal myth of human being and the universe: first, there were devil desires; second, human and universe got trapped in desires; third, the whole universe was saved by Buddha and desires were removed. Both the Tian Tai School and the Hua Yan School made interpretations of this scripture based on their own contexts. The main chapters are about: (1) The relationship between heated arguments about the identity of Sūrangama Sūtra and the recognition of its academic value; (2) the relationship between the scripture of Sūrangama Sūtra and hermeneutics; (3) Paul Ricoeur's textual ontology; (4) the interpretation of Sūrangama Sūtra under Ricoeur's textual ontology. Putting forward the above analysis, I hope there will be more understanding on the textual characteristics of this scripture.

並列關鍵字

Paul Ricoeur ； textual hermeneutics ； metaphor ； Sūrangama Sūtra