從「一葦渡江」到「一葦渡海」－菩提達摩新神化形象探研

From ＂Passing the River by a Reed＂ to ＂Passing the Sea by a Reed＂: A Research on Bodhidharma's New Deific Image

白照傑(Bai Zhaojie)

《人間佛教研究》 9期 (2019/01) Pp. 171-195

摘要

傳統佛教史料中的達摩渡海傳說是早期達摩神化形象演變脈絡中的一環，但其中始終沒有形成「一葦渡海」的故事。「一葦」的情節首先出現在很早便已豐滿的達摩渡江傳說中。現當代，「一葦」的形象已被比附於達摩「渡海」的形象上，由此創造出很多相關藝術作品。對達摩這一新神化形象演化過程的詳細討論，展現了傳說人物故事在不同歷史時期中的在創造能力，同時又可揭示載體（文本、圖畫、多媒體等）差異對故事和傳說人物所能造成的影響。

關鍵字

菩提達摩 ； 一葦 ； 渡江 ； 渡海 ； 神化形象

並列摘要

The record of Bodhidharma sailing across the sea in traditional Buddhist sources is a part of the early formation of Bodhidharma's deific figure, but they do not contain the story ＂Passing the sea by a reed.＂ The ＂reed＂ plot firstly appears in Bodhidharma's crossing the river legend. However, in modern times the image of ＂Passing the river by a reed＂ is casted on the story of crossing the sea and a lot of arts named ＂Passing the sea by a reed＂ are created. The study on the evolution process of imagination about this new deific figure shows the legends' creativity and re-creativity in different historical periods and how the difference of medium (such as text, painting, multimedia) changes the plots and figures.

並列關鍵字

Bodhidharma ； reed ； passing the river ； passing the sea ； deific image