馬祖道一禪法思想之研究－以心性論為中心

A Survey of Mazu Daoyi's Chan Thought and Practice-Focusing on the Mind-Nature Ontology

釋耀緣(SHI, Sheng yin)

《人間佛教研究》 10期 (2020/05) Pp. 208-249

摘要

心性思想是漢傳佛教尤其是中國禪宗的核心思想。禪宗的創立，起於初祖菩提達摩，而成於六祖慧能。馬祖道一得法於南嶽懷讓，南嶽懷讓又得法於曹溪六祖慧能。馬祖的禪法依據不同根機的眾生而分別方便教化，在對發揚光大六祖禪法思想的同時，也加以創新性發展，從而開創了對後世習禪者影響深遠的洪州宗。本文擬對洪州宗的體用觀或心性論三個方面加以論述：一、心性（佛性）為體的思想；二、般若為用的思想；三、心性（佛性）與般若體用不二的思想。馬祖道一的禪法，忠實地繼承了六祖慧能的相關思想，故為曹溪嫡傳之正宗之一。

關鍵字

馬祖道一 ； 洪州宗 ； 心性 ； 般若 ； 體用不二

並列摘要

The Nature of Mind is the core idea of Han Buddhism, especially Chinese Chan (Zen). The founding of Chan began in the early ancestor Bodhidharma and was formed in the Six Ancestors Hui Neng. Traditionally, Mazu Daoyi (709-788) is depicted as a successor in the lineage of Hui Neng, since his teacher Nanyue Huairang is regarded as a student and successor of Hui Neng. Mazu's Chan is easy to educate according to the sentient beings of different roots. While carrying forward the thoughts of the Six Ancestors' Chan, he has also been innovatively developed, thus creating a Hong Zhou school that has far-reaching influence on the later generations of Chan practitioners. This paper intends to discuss the three aspects of Hong Zhou school's concept of the mind-nature : ＂the truth is in the mind, the truth is in the Buddha＂ and its corollary ＂the truth is not in the mind, the truth is not in the Buddha＂, and finally ＂the calm mind is the Dao＂. Mazu Daoyi's Chan thinking faithfully inherits the relevant Chan thought of Hui Neng. Therefore, the Hong Zhou school was an orthodox branch of Chan thinking propagated by Hui Neng and his followers.

並列關鍵字

Mazu Daoyi ； Hong Zhou school ； mind-nature ； prajñā ； Unity essence and action