佛教居士組織參與地方社會生活：以當代西樵為例

Lay Buddhist organizations participate in local social life: a case study of Xiqiao in contemporary China

程肖力(CHENG, Xiao Li)

《人間佛教研究》 11期 (2021/01) Pp. 228-263

摘要

中國居士佛教及其組織實踐歷史悠久，幾經變遷，始終是佛教的重要社會基礎和影響力量。基於宗教性志願原則結合起來的居士組織，起著聯合佛教與社會的重要作用。當代中國西樵鎮的佛教居士組織，組建形式多樣、人員構成多元、活動内容豐富。不僅在微觀上幫助西樵民眾形塑多彩的日常生活，滿足人們各種需求；宏觀上也推動多元社會共同體和公共空間的形成，有利於民間組織和地方公益的發展，無疑是現代社會建設一股不可忽視的力量。佛教居士組織之所以能積極有效地參與地方社會生活，根本原因在於以佛教信仰為背景的宗教性志願力產生出源源不斷的集體意志和社會行動力。此外，西樵個案存在的問題表明，居士組織的健康發展也離不開中國佛教和中國社會自身的建設完善。

關鍵字

佛教與社會 ； 居士佛教 ； 居士組織 ； 西樵鎮

並列摘要

China's lay Buddhism and its organizational practices have a long history, and it has been an important social foundation and influential force of Buddhism. Based on religious voluntary principle, the lay Buddhist organization plays a connecting role between Buddhism and society. Lay Buddhist organizations of Xiqiao in contemporary China has various forms of organization, diversified personnel composition and rich activities. Not only in the micro - help Xiqiao people shape colorful daily life, to meet people's needs; Macroscopically, it also promotes the formation of diversified social communities and public spaces, which is conducive to the development of civil society and local public welfare. Therefore, the lay Buddhist organization is undoubtedly a force that cannot be ignored in the construction of modern civil society. The root cause of the active and effective participation of lay Buddhist organizations in local social life lies in the continuous collective will and social action which are generated by religious volunteerism based on Buddhist belief. In addition, the problems of the case show that the healthy development of lay Buddhist organization, also depends on the construction and perfection of Chinese Buddhism and civil society.

並列關鍵字

Buddhism and society ； lay Buddhism ； lay Buddhist organization ； Xiqiao