明清嘉興楞嚴寺《嘉興藏》之刊印與其海內外流通

明末清初嘉興楞嚴寺作為刊行流通方冊藏的重要處所，此為探討《嘉興藏》刊印起訖者所熟知。然何以選擇嘉興楞嚴寺擔任起刻藏發行之重責，近些年來，雖然海內外關心《嘉興藏》研究的學者逐漸加多，但對於嘉興楞嚴寺本身在方冊藏刊刻過程中所擔負的責任，及其寺院本身的人事變遷與《嘉興藏》刊刻、流通的關係，尚未被學界充分且深入的討論。而嘉興楞嚴寺於明清鼎革之際，及入清以來，漸成《嘉興藏》刊刻之重鎮，亦成為各地委以刻印佛經、語錄等佛書或遠來訪求極具板本威信的經書刻印流通處，最後又成為各地藏板集中收藏之地。縱非此處刻板，亦喜以嘉興楞嚴寺刊行之名附藏流通，為出刊經書增添價值並表彰其版本的具代表性。何以如此，其間的變化歷程與起伏轉折，更待詳實的究明。《嘉興藏》流通之廣，見諸文獻記載，不僅在中國境內，東亞諸國猶然可見。過程中，無可諱言，嘉興楞嚴寺扮演相當關鍵的角色。然而曾幾何時嘉興楞嚴寺在方冊藏暨佛書流通之角色逐漸褪色、消失，以至於一度讓人忘失其於明清佛教藏經史上的重要身影。這其間的輾轉演變為何，是進一步解明《嘉興藏》刊刻、流通之多元複雜層面的又一重要課題。因此本文希望以明清嘉興楞嚴寺方冊藏之流通營運的探討，作為理解並究明嘉興方冊刻藏之整體發展面向的一個補白。

關鍵字

明清；嘉興藏；楞嚴寺；經典流通；東亞

並列摘要

It is well-known by scholars that Lengyan Monastery in the city of Jiaxing had become a crucial place for issuing the Buddhist canon during late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Although the Jiaxing canon has increasingly drawn the attention of scholars recently, several questions have not been answered: Why was Lengyan Monastery chosen for this undertaking? How did personnel changes influence the canon's publication and circulation? How did the monastery become a center not only for publication, but also for circulation, eventually becoming a repository for texts printed at other locations over a long period including the Ming-Qing transition? The Jiaxing edition of the Buddhist canon was transmitted widely, not merely in mainland China, but also in other east Asian countries, with Lengyan Monastery playing a pivotal role in its publication and circulation. The present article explores the canon's circulation and the operational details of its publication, in order to gain a better understanding of basic developments in the printing project.