下肢肌力對足球選手專項運動表現的影響

Effects of Lower Extremity Muscle Strength on Sport Specific Performance in Soccer Players

陳昀宗(Yun-Tsung Chen) ； 王譯霆(Yi-Ting Wang) ； 陸劭文(Shao-Wen Lu) ； 林韋儒(Wei-Ju Lin) ； 張博涵(Po-Han Chang)

《中華民國技擊學刊》 1期 (2020/12) Pp. 23-33

摘要

目的：探討下肢肌力對足球選手專項運動表現的影響。方法：招募18名男性甲組足球選手，依序接受下肢肌力測驗（股四頭肌與腿後肌群）、基礎體能（速度、敏捷性、爆發力）與專項運動測驗（足球踢遠、運球過桿射門與足球射準），並評估依變項之間的相關性。結果：股四頭肌力與速度（r = -.5, p ＜ .05）、爆發力（r = .6, p ＜ .05）表現顯著相關。當下肢肌力平衡時，左右腿的股四頭肌力比值與足球射準顯著相關（r = -.5, p ＜ .05）、左右腿的腿後肌力比值與運球過桿射門顯著相關（r = .5, p ＜ .05）。然而，基礎體能與專項運動表現無顯著相關（p ＞ .05）。結論：足球選手的下肢肌力影響其基礎體能與專項運動表現，建議選手與教練在日常訓練期間應強化股四頭肌與腿後肌力，並維持下肢肌力平衡，以減少腿後肌受傷的風險並促進競技運動表現。

關鍵字

股四頭肌 ； 腿後肌 ； 踢遠 ； 盤球 ； 射門

並列摘要

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of lower extremity muscle strength on sport specific performance in soccer players. Methods: Eighteen male soccer players were performed muscle strength (quadriceps and hamstring), physical fitness (speed, agility, and power) and sport specific performance (kicking, dribbling and shooting, shooting score) measurements. Results: There were significant correlations between speed (r = -.5, p ＜ .05) and power (r = .6, p ＜ .05) in relation to quadriceps strength. As the lower extremity muscle strength was balanced, the quadriceps to opposite quadriceps strength ratio was significantly correlated with shooting score (r = -.5, p ＜ .05), and the hamstring to opposite hamstring strength ratio was significantly correlated with dribbling and shooting (r = .5, p ＜ .05). However, there was no significant correlation between physical fitness and sport specific performance. Conclusion: Lower extremity muscle strength may play a pivotal role in physical fitness and sport specific performance of soccer players. The finding suggested that coaches and athletes should improve quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength as well as maintain the strength balance during routine training, which may reduce the risk of hamstring injury and promote sports performance.

並列關鍵字

Quadriceps ； Hamstring ； Kicking ； Dribbling ； Shooting