趕工績效獎勵制度之初步探討

Research on the Performance Bonus Clause of Shortening Project Duration

廖憲曜(Hsien-Yao Liao)

指導教授 ： 曾惠斌

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.00114

摘要

以往工程承攬中，業主為發揮工程整體效益，在資源調度許可下，要求承包商配合追趕進度。但承包商為因應趕工需求，往往付出額外趕工成本、延長工作時數、增加工作人員及機具等，業主須透過趕工獎金方式補償承包商。然而，因存在著相關問題如業主為避免圖利廠商之名、廠商認為趕工獎金金額太少致使不足以激勵承包商趕工意願，或業主無預算等因素，致使少有人採用趕工獎金制度。以工程合約角度而言，合約上詳列諸多違約、逾期罰則規範，鮮少提及承包商之績效獎金保障，承包商為考量未來業主有其他新建、擴建需求時的相對競爭優勢，大多配合業主之要求。對於提前完工的誘因不足，使營造廠只著重在於規定之合約工期內完成。然而隨著國內營建市場與國際逐漸接軌，求償意識之日益提昇，以合約公平原則下，如業主對營造廠有罰則訂定，相對也須保障承包商之獎勵制度來補償，創造賞罰分明的完整合約，較為恰當。
　　本研究透過蒐集及統整分析歷來國內有關縮短工期或趕工之相關條文、趕工獎金制度及縮短工期獎勵措施分析實施辦法與優缺點，再針對國內趕工、縮短工期等文獻探討，歸納其重點，並提出其過去此類措施執行流程、成效及接受度之討論，為提高業主與承包商對本研究之利潤共享制度之接受度，運用實際個案驗證本研究所提出之利潤共享制度，分析帶給業主與承包商之成本與獲利，驗證此構想之可行性，並建立利潤共享之趕工獎金實施辦法，藉此鼓勵營造廠提出縮短工期方案，以提高業主與營造廠雙方之獲利能力，達到增額利益共享之成果，克服現有趕工獎金制度施行上之困難，進一步提升國內業主獲利能力與營造業之競爭力，達到雙贏。最後，透過雙方專家訪談及問卷驗證本研究之利潤共享制度可行性、流程以及利潤共享之趕工獎金實施辦法，並補充說明有關趕工評估因子，建立利潤共享制度與趕工評估項目。

關鍵字

趕工 ； 獎金制度 ； 利潤共享 ； 工程合約

並列摘要

According to the construction contract in the past, owners will request contractors to shortenings project duration in order to let entire project be more efficient, if resources dispatching is available. The request of crashing would lead extra costs on contractors, such as extending working hours, additional workers and equipments, etc, which means that owners should compensate for those extra costs that contractors lose by giving bonus. However, issues like the bonus is too little to stimulate contractors to meet the request of crashing, owners avoids arousing suspicion of profiting contractors and owners do not have the budget of compensation, make few owners adopt bonus clause as compensation now.
Examining the content of general contracts, one could find out that contractor’s performance bonus clause is rarely mentioned among many penalties and specifications relating defaults and postponement. But considering being competitive in owners’ future cases like new constructions or expansions, most contractors would try their best to meet the requests of crashing.
With inadequate incentives, contractors would only focus on complete the while construction on time. However, while domestic industry is gradually converging with international industry, claims consciousness is growing as well. Under the fairness principle, it is more appropriate to have bonus clause for contractors written in the contracts if the owners set penalties for defaults and postponement.
This research aims to establish a profit sharing bonus clause of crashing for encouraging contractors to propose projects that help shortening construction duration and increasing profitability of both contractors and owners. By conquering the current difficulties of implementing bonus clause of crashing, a win-win situation is expected that both the contractors and owners in domestic construction industry could increase their profits and competitiveness.
Through collecting, integrating and analyzing the clauses regarding shortening construction duration or crashing, the advantages and disadvantages of bonus clause of crashing and bonus clause of shortening construction duration plus discussing and emphasizing the literature about crashing and shortening construction duration, it is hoped that the execution processes, performance and acceptance of this kind of methods could be proposed and discussed.
For enhancing the acceptance of the profit sharing system proposed in this research between owners and contractors, the actual cases are applied to verify the profit system in this research, to analyze the costs and profits brought to owners and contractors and to prove the feasibility of this concept.
In the end, through interviewing the experts of both sides, utilizing the questionnaire that verify the feasibility and implementing process of profit sharing system , and elaborating the assessment of needed crashing, it is expected that this research/researchers could establish the profit sharing system and set assessment items of crashing.

並列關鍵字

crashing ； bonus clause ； profit sharing ； construction contract

參考文獻

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