政府支出、社會福利與經濟成長

Government Spending, Welfare and Economic Growth

何曉柔(Sheau Rou Cindy Ho)

指導教授 ： 陳虹如

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/經濟學研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2014.00099

摘要

本文考慮政府財政政策，探討政府如何分配稅收，分別用於政府支出和隨收隨附國民退休年金。 我們將消費性的政府支付分別納進疊代模型效用函數中。其中，消費者的存活期限為兩期:第一期是年輕時期，第二期是年長時期。他們皆透過消費和享用政府提供的基礎公共建設來累積個人效用。除此之外，我們也將生產性的政府支出納入生產函數中。廠商雇用勞工，租借資本和使用政府提供的建設來生產。因此產生了幾種結論概述: (1)無論使用任何一種政府財政政策，把稅收分配到生產性的政府支是最有效提供有益的經濟成長及福利制度。 (2)不管政府使用何種財政政策，增加隨收隨附國民退休年金制度對於經濟成長以及幼年和老年的福利制度都是有所損害。 (3)根據不同的財政政策，消費性的政府支對於經濟長與社會福利的效用是不同的。

關鍵字

生產性的政府支出 ； 消費性的政府支付 ； 隨收隨附國民退休年金 ； 政府財政政策 ； 疊代模型

並列摘要

This paper examines the allocation of government tax revenue on productive government expenditure, utility-generating government expenditure and Pay-as-you-go (PAYG) social security system under different government fiscal policies. We consider utility-generating government expenditure in an overlapping generation model in which individuals survive from adulthood to old age and receive utilities from their own consumption, as well as public provided facilities. We also incorporate productive government expenditure into the production function, in which each firm produces output using capital, labor, and government spending as complementary inputs. The conclusions are summarized as, (1) regardless which fiscal policy is used; the allocation of the tax revenue in productive government expenditure is the most efficient allocation that brings benefit to growth and welfare. (2) No matter what kind of fiscal policy is used by the government, an increase in the contribution of PAYG pension system will harm the economic growth and the welfare for both generations. (3) Under different fiscal policies, the effect of the utility-generating government expenditure on the economic growth and the welfare are different.

並列關鍵字

Productive government expenditure ； Utility generating government expenditure ； Pay-as-you-go ； Fiscal policies ； Overlapping generation model

參考文獻

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