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  • 學位論文

國會山莊上的台灣議案:從議員提案與副署行為觀察美國國會對台支持(2009-2019)

Taiwan Agendas on the Capitol Hill :U.S. Congressional Support for Taiwan in Light of Sponsorship and Co-sponsorship Decisions (2009-2019)

指導教授 : 徐斯勤

摘要


自1979年《台灣關係法》訂定之後,美國國會對於台美關係的發展而言,便一直扮演著重要的角色。然而,無論國內外,目前學界對於國會對台決策行為的相關研究普遍不足;尤其在微觀的個人行為層次上,少有研究有系統性地探討美國議員為什麼友台灣。本文擬以勝算對數模型為分析工具,以邏輯迴歸探討在2009-2019的期間內,議員支持台灣的理由。具體而言,本文以議員在友台法案中之提案與副署行為為依變項,並從全國層級、選區層級、以及個人層級中設定自變項以作觀察。這類研究方法雖然過去也有研究者探討過,不過本文除進一步改善過去的測量方法與詮釋角度外,也擬將法案依性質分類,以觀察議員於不同法案類型中不同的顧慮;同時,本文也將加入對此議題重要、但過去卻未能納入討論的變數,諸如台灣的遊說、以及台灣連線成員之影響等。本文的研究呈現了2009-2019年間,美國國會議員支持台灣行為的整體圖像:除了指出議員在不同法案類型中有不同的考量之外,也重新分析了美國選區出口利益對議員友台行為的影響,並首次呈現了加入台灣連線、以及台灣對議員遊說效果等的實證證據。

並列摘要


Ever since the enactment of the Taiwan Relations Act in 1979, US Congress’ support for Taiwan has been critical to the bilateral relationship. However, with only few analyses systematically studying the members of Congress’ attitudes towards Taiwan, congressional behaviors in processing Taiwan-related legislations is very much under-researched. This paper aims to deepen the scholarly understanding of the topic by examining the reasons why members of Congress support Taiwan. Specifically, I look at the sponsorship and co-sponsorship decisions made by representatives and senators in all Taiwan-related bills during 2009-2019 (as of November 22nd), and examine what factors contribute to the congressional support by conducting logistic regression. While this analytic method has been applied in the extant literature, I attempt to improve the study by applying several major changes. First, I allocate the collected legislations into three different groups to observe the variations in significance. Second, as I will demonstrate in this paper, previous literatures have adopted invalid measurements in measuring export effects; therefore, this paper will revise the measurements and reevaluate the effect of state exports. Thirdly, since no past literature ever provide quantitative evidence in proving the lobbying effect, I attempt to make preliminary observations on the lobby effect with two variables—numbers FAPA membership and congressional visits to Taiwan. In sum, this paper provides an overview picture of US congressional behavior towards Taiwan across the past decade.

參考文獻


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