無機奈米線與有機材料混成太陽能電池之研究

Study of Inorganic Nanowire and Organic Hybrid Solar Cells

蕭傑予(Chieh-Yu Hsiao)

指導教授 ： 林清富

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/光電工程學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.00362

摘要

有機共軛高分子太陽能電池具有低成本、低溫製程、可撓、容易大面積製造等等優點，近年來引起廣大的注意。爲了增加有機共軛高分子太陽能電池之光電轉換效率，一般都採用本體異質結構，此結構由施體如poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)和受體如[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)混合組成一層。本體異質結構元件是施體和受體材料互相交錯形成，提供大面積的界面讓照光所產生的激子能有效分離成電子電洞。然而施體和受體材料互相交錯則不容易形成。除此之外有機材料不是很適合載子傳輸，因此有機共軛高分子太陽能電池之光電轉換效率受限於低激子的分離機率和沒有效率的跳躍式載子傳輸。
因此我們結合單晶矽奈米線與有機材料去克服有機共軛高分子太陽能電池的缺點，利用排列整齊單晶之矽奈米線結合P3HT:PCBM本體異質結構去製作排列整齊單晶矽奈米線混成太陽能電池，這排列整齊的矽奈米線是被製造從矽晶圓，並且轉移到P3HT:PCBM所覆蓋的玻璃基板，此矽奈米線提供電子未被打擾的傳導路徑、加強光的吸收和增加激子分離的界面面積。我們的結果展示矽奈米線是有潛力地提升混成太陽能電池效率，藉由增加短路電流從7.17 mA/cm2到11.61 mA/cm2。

關鍵字

矽奈米線 ； 砷化鎵奈米線 ； 高分子 ； 混成太陽能電池 ； 本體異質結構

並列摘要

Conjugated polymer-based organic solar cells have attracted considerable attention in recent years because they have many advantages, such as low-cost, processing with low temperature, flexible, large area production and so on. To increase the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells, the most common strategy is so-called bulk heterojunction, in which donors such as poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and acceptors like [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) are blended to form one mixed layer. The bulk heterojunction devices were characterized by an interpenetrating network of donor and acceptor materials, providing a large interface area where photo-induced excitons could efficiently dissociate into separated electrons and holes. However, the interpenetrating network cannot be easily formed in the blended mixture. In addition, the organic materials are not good in carrier transport. Thus the power conversion efficiency is still limited by the low dissociation probability of excitons and the inefficient hopping carrier transport.
Therefore, we combined single-crystalline Si nanowires with P3HT:PCBM to overcome the drawbacks of the conjugated polymer-based organic solar cells. The well-aligned SiNWs are fabricated from Si wafer and transferred onto the glass substrate with the P3HT:PCBM. Such SiNWs provide an uninterrupted conduction path for electron transport, enhance the optical absorption to serve as an interesting candidate of the absorber, and increase the surface area for exciton dissociation. Our investigations show that SiNWs are promising for hybrid organic photovoltaic cells with improved performance by increasing the short-circuit current density from 7.17 to 11.61 mA/cm2.

並列關鍵字

silicon nanowire ； gallium arsenide nanowire ； polymer ； hybrid solar cells ； bulk heterojunction structure

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