導入建築資訊模型技術的關鍵探討

隨著科技的進步，建築物的功能及規模越來越強大，從開發、設計、發包、施工、營運、維護管理等建築物命週期中，各階段各專業設計師想法、施工承包商作業流程、業主需求……等，需整合介面繁複複雜，作業效率低落，因應營建管理上的需要，有效導入建築資訊模型技術(BIM)，進行實際的施工模擬，透過BIM技術提供共同的作業平台，相互支援的作業系統，做建築物生命週期的整合，因此，本研究藉由文獻回顧及專家意見蒐集的方式了解並整理影響導入BIM技術的關鍵因子，作成問卷，邀集工程顧問公司、營造廠、設計師事務所、施工承包商及建設公司等BIM中心的成員作為問卷調查對象，問卷共計38個影響因子，歸納區分成5個構面(人員、作業流程、工具、效益、契約)，採用統計學的方法，利用描述統計、平均數考驗(變異數分析ANOVA)分析回收問卷，經彙整各影響因子構面的平均數後，發現契約、人員、工具、作業流程、效益皆為導入BIM技術之重要因子。再經統計分析評定影響BIM技術導入構面的排序，依據回覆問卷的評定排序結果得知，人員、作業流程、工具為導入BIM技術的重要關鍵。另專訪工程顧問公司、營造廠、建設公司等BIM中心主要成員，針對實際執行導入BIM技術過程中，遭遇的困難並提出改善、建議，專案導入BIM技術時，人員必須優先到位(建築、結構、機電……)，依專案特性調整作業流程，並採用可相互支援的工具(軟、硬體)，可有效整合介面，展現效率成功導入BIM。

關鍵字

建築資訊模型；導入；關鍵探討

並列摘要

As science progresses, the function and scale of buildings become greater and greater. With respect to building life cycle from development, design, bidding, construction, operation to maintenance management, the interface to be integrated is cumbersome and complex and the operation efficiency is low for ideas of various professional designers, operation flows of construction contractors and requirements of owners and so on in every stage. In correspondence to the requirement on construction management, BIM (Building Information Modeling) is imported effectively, and construction is simulated actually. The common operation platform, mutually supported operation system is provided through BIM technology for integration of life cycles of buildings. Therefore, the critical factors that impact the implementation of BIM technology are understood through literature reviews and by collecting questionnaires from field of experts. Questionnaires are made with members of BIM department in engineering consulting companies, construction firms, designer’s offices, contractors, and real estate companies as target respondents. There are total 38 impact factors classified into 5 aspects: The staff, operation process, tools and software, benefit, and contract. Statistical methodology including descriptive statistics and average test (ANOVA, Analysis of Variance) are used for analysis. After arranging all the averages from each impact factor, it is concluded that staff, operation process, tools and software, benefit, and contract are all important factors for BIM implementation. Further analysis is conducted to determine the aspects that impact the implementation of BIM technology. Result shows that staff, operation process, tools and software are the key factors for BIM implementation. In addition, engineering consultant companies, construction firm and building companies, the members in BIM centers, are interviewed to provide improvement, recommendation for problems encountered in executing and importing BIM technology actually. Staffs (building, structure, electro-mechanics and so forth) have to be ready as BIM technology is imported in a project. The operation flow is adjusted according to project features.Also, mutually supported tools (software, hardware) may be utilized to integrate interfaces effectively, show efficiency and import BIM successfully.

並列關鍵字

Building Information Model ； Import ； Critical Study

參考文獻

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19. Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks. R. and Liston, K., “BIM Handbook – a Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Managers, Designers, and Contractors”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2008。

21. Azhar. S., Hein. M., and Sketo. B., “Building Information Modeling (BIM): Benefits, Risks and Challenges, McWhorter School of Building Science”, Auburn University, Alabama, 2010.

1. 郭榮欽「營建資訊」第353期，20-27頁。

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導入建築資訊模型技術的關鍵探討

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