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  • 學位論文

太陽能光電結合淺層溫能之顯熱儲能空調系統性能研究

Study of Sensible Heat Energy Storage System of a Photovoltaics Air Conditioner with Shallow Geothermal Energy

指導教授 : 陳希立

摘要


台灣空調用電約佔全國總用電近三分之一,但空調機使用時機不一定與太陽輻射同步,白天太陽能光電發電大量輸出,如不需使用空調機或其他高耗能家電,太陽能光電發電系統所發之電就必須饋入現有電網,將造成電網不穩,且電網饋線不足太陽能光電所發之電也難以輸送,電網強化又需鉅額成本與時間;若多餘太陽能光電發電不饋入電網,就必須設置昂貴的蓄電池蓄電。如果能將多餘的太陽能發電來推動空調機,進行儲存溫差運轉來解決上述之困難,且利用淺層溫能來加強儲冷、儲熱效能同時處理排出的冷、熱能,更有效的處理能源問題,為一項重要的技術。 因此本研究旨在開發新型「太陽能光電結合淺層溫能之儲溫空調系統」,整合於隔離混合型太陽光能發電系統,發電自用、不回售電網、用水當介質,形成可儲存溫差之太陽能空調系統,並以淺層溫能來加強儲冷及房,研究中將空調機改裝成具有儲存溫差並且可釋出用於冷暖房的功能;當太陽能發電系統有多餘電力時,用來驅動系統並將溫差儲存於儲能桶內,等需要開啟空調時,利用所儲存的溫差來降低空調耗電,再以淺層溫能補足空調室外機設計不足之處、提高效能。本研究共執行兩種基礎測試、三種溫差儲存測試及兩者整合後的整體效能測試,再針對實驗設計未詳盡考量的地方進行優化改良及建議。 由以上實驗結果得知,儲能系統在釋冷測試時〖COP〗_RC為6.01,與基礎測試〖COP〗_BC的4.36上升了37.86%,釋熱測試時〖COP〗_RH為5.66,與基礎測試〖COP〗_BH的4.23上升30.71%;此儲能設備成本與目前已商業化的家用儲能設備比較,僅約有30%的價格,且由上述的實驗結果,家庭空調用電每年可節省636度電,由此證明儲能空調系統可由儲存、釋放溫差以轉移太陽能光電所發之電及提升空調機性能的可行性,同時省下太陽能光電系統儲電的成本以及後續維護的問題。

並列摘要


Taiwan's air-conditioning electricity consumption accounts for nearly one-third of the country's total electricity consumption. However, the timing of air-conditioning use may not be synchronized with solar radiation. During the day, solar photovoltaic power generation produces a significant amount. If air-conditioners or other high-energy-consuming appliances are not required, solar photovoltaics The electricity generated by the power generation system must be fed into the existing grid, which will cause the grid to be unstable, and the grid's feeder is insufficient. The electricity generated by solar photovoltaics is also challenging to transmit. Grid strengthening requires enormous costs and time; if excess solar photovoltaic power generation is not fed in the power grid, expensive batteries must be installed to store electricity. Suppose the excess solar power can be used to drive the air conditioner. In that case, the storage temperature difference operation can solve the above difficulties. The shallow temperature energy can be used to enhance the cold storage and heat storage efficiency while processing the discharged cold and heat energy, to deal with energy problems more effectively, is an a critical technology. Therefore, this research aims to develop a new type of "solar photovoltaic combined with shallow temperature energy storage and air conditioning system", integrated into the isolated hybrid solar energy power generation system, power generation for its use, not sold back to the grid, water as a medium, forming a storage temperature difference Solar air-conditioning system, and use shallow temperature energy to strengthen the cold storage and room. In the research, the air conditioner is modified to store the temperature difference and can be released for the function of cooling and heating rooms; when the solar power system has excess power, it is used to drive the system. The temperature difference is stored in the energy storage barrel. When the air conditioner needs to be turned on, the stored temperature difference is used to reduce the power consumption of the air conditioner, and then the shallow temperature energy is used to make up for the shortcomings of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner and improve the efficiency. In this study, two basic tests, three temperature difference storage tests, and the overall performance test after the integration of the two was performed, and then optimization and improvement were made, and suggestions were made for areas that were not considered in detail in the experimental design. From the above experimental results, it is known that 〖COP〗_RC of the energy storage system in the cooling test is 6.12, which is 37.86% higher than the 4.36 of the base test 〖COP〗_BC, and 〖COP〗_RH is 5.66 in the heat release test, which is compared with the bae test. 〖COP〗_BH is 4.23 increased by 30.71%; this proves that the energy storage air conditioning system can store and release the temperature difference to transfer the electricity generated by solar photovoltaic and improve the feasibility of the air conditioner. At the same time, it saves the cost of solar photovoltaic system electricity storage and Follow-up maintenance issues.

參考文獻


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