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  • 學位論文

居家服務使用與家庭照顧者負荷之關係探討

指導教授 : 吳淑瓊

摘要


本研究旨在了解不同使用居家服務情形(包括有無使用居家服務以及使用居家服務的時數)對身心障礙之被照顧者其家庭照顧者照顧負荷是否會有所影響。本研究資料來自行政院內政部與台大衛生政策與管理研究所吳淑瓊主持之「建構長期照護體系先導計畫」之2003年社區實驗介入後評估調查。訪視對象為先導計畫三鶯及嘉義實驗社區介入期間內所有接觸的個案,以結構式問卷進行資料收集。從3061名社區完訪樣本中,選取具有日常生活活動或工具性日常生活活動障礙者之社區被照顧者及其家庭照顧者各1845名為本研究之分析樣本。 研究結果顯示僅有1.0﹪之家庭照顧者完全沒有照顧負荷,有24.0﹪顯示具很高的負荷。居家服務使用情形方面,沒有使用居家服務之被照顧者共1599名(86.7%);有使用居家服務之被照顧者其每月平均使用居家服務16小時以下共148人(8.0%),每月平均使用居家服務超過16小時僅有98人(5.3%)。利用邏輯斯迴歸分析居家服務使用情形是否影響照顧負荷,在控制其他重要變項後,每月平均使用居家服務16小時以下者之負荷顯著低於沒有使用居家服務者;每月平均使用居家服務超過16小時者之負荷和沒有使用居家服務者不具顯著相關。除使用居家服務因素外,包括有被照顧者年齡、認知弁鉬棆炕B累積慢性病症數,以及家庭照顧者教育程度、照顧者身分、歷經工作衝突、累積自述病症數、自評健康、上周半夜照顧天數、對家庭責任的信念、ADLs自述協助需要數,均為預測照顧者負荷的顯著因素。 本研究結果可以提供建議發展居家服務相關負荷指標,以更精準測量,提昇指標品質。基於使用居家服務時數較高者之照顧負荷高於沒有使用居家服務者,提供改善「居家服務提供」政策之參考,針對不同需求及負荷程度之家庭照顧者給予居家服務補助時數,並配合其他配套措施,像是其他社區式服務的使用以及支持方案,以有效減輕照顧者負荷,並達到支持照顧者的目的。

並列摘要


The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of homemaker services in reducing burdens among caregivers of functionally disabled persons. Data was collected from San-Ying and Chiayi communities affiliated with “The Pilot Program for the Development of Long-Term Care System”, which was directed by Dr. Wu of National Taiwan University. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the disabled and the caregivers in the communities from June to August, 2003. A total of 3,061 interviews were completed. For the purpose of this research, only those with ADL or IADL dependencies were included in the analysis. Logistic regression were used to test the effects of homemaker services on caregiver burden. A total of 1,845 pairs of the disabled and the caregivers were included in the analysis. The results showed that 24.0% of the caregivers had high level of burden, while only 1% did not experience any burden in caregiving. The use of homemaker services were low. The percentage of disabled using 0, 1-16 hours, and 16+ hours of services per month were 86.7%, 8.0%, and 5.3%. Comparing with the 0 hour group, caregivers in the 1-16 hours group had significantly lower burden, while the 16+ hours group did not experience lower burden. Other factors associated with caregiver burden were the age of the disabled, cognitive impairment, comorbidity. Caregiver characteristics associated with burden were education status, relation to the disabled, self-report diseases, self-reported health, caregiving hours at night, and the numbers of self-reported needs for help in assisting the disabled wih ADL functions. The absence of significant difference between the 16+ hours group and the 0 hour groups needs further investigation. The high level of caregiver burden should be of major concerns for policy makers, and more efforts should be made to reduce the burden of caregivers. The development of accurate and reliable measures of burden is crucial in the assessment of intervention to reduce caregiver burden.

參考文獻


吳淑瓊、徐慧娟、莊瑛智、張明正(1996)弁鉞
吳淑瓊、林惠生(1999),台灣弁鉬棆爬悀H家庭照護者的全國概況剖析,中華衛誌,18(1):44-53
林富琴(2002),接受居家服務老人生活品質及其相關因素探討,高雄醫學大學護理學研究所碩士論文
李怡真(2000),影響老人接受居家照護服務之直接與間接因素,台北醫學大學公共衛生學研究所碩士論文
電子文獻

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