生物炭料源空間決策系統之研究

Study of Biochar Material Spatial Decision System

張尊堡(Tsun-Pao Chang)

指導教授 ： 邱祈榮

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/森林環境暨資源學研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201800530

摘要

台灣每年產生約 500 萬噸農業廢棄物，若經過適當運用能開發出如生物炭之高附加價值之循環經濟商品，然而缺乏妥善收集與生產的產業鏈管道，使大多的農業廢棄物都以堆肥、焚燒或棄置等方式處理，不僅消耗多餘的土地資源，更會因廢氣或生物質的腐敗造成空氣汙染與傳染病等問題。
為能達到農業廢棄物資源循環利用的目標，透過空間決策系統的輔助找尋最適宜的地點設置農業廢棄物的集中站及處理站便是開啟農業廢棄物循環經濟的第一步。本研究參考行政院農委會林業試驗所「生物炭料源供應及應用管理平台建構」計畫，盤點台灣本島 11 種農作物之農業廢棄物生產情形，並將盤點結果結合農糧署 2016 年農情資源調查報告之數據，建立 11 項作物的生物炭料源轉換係數估算方法，再以縣市及鄉鎮兩行政層級進行全年度 11 項作物生物炭料源總量與實際可用於生物炭燒製料源總量之估算與評比，最後透過生物炭平台建構計畫完成之 Web GIS 網路圖台在最有料源生產潛力之各鄉鎮以農會為中心進行環域分析，評估各鄉鎮中最具農業廢棄物生產鏈節點潛力之產銷班，提供未來生物炭料源集中站及處理站設置點位之參考。
研究結果顯示廢棄物總量部分，台灣以中南部之總量最為豐富，且除了台中新社區之高密度太空包栽植所產出的大量料源外，其餘料源總量最多之前十大鄉鎮均以稻作之料源量最多且遠高於其它料源種類之總量；然而稻殼與太空包因已有良好去化管道，故能夠作為生物炭產製用途之總量較少。且在盤點過程中發現目前農業廢棄物之統計數據尚嫌不足，多數仍以過去經驗或理論數據作為估算標準，且農業單位根據航照圖所繪製之農地坵塊與農地覆蓋圖層也缺乏準確性及即時性，須在未來加以補強修正，使農業廢棄物之產量估算更加精準。

關鍵字

農業廢棄物 ； 生物炭 ； 電子地圖服務 ； 空間決策系統 ； 循環經濟

並列摘要

Agricultural waste, which be produced almost 5 million tons per-year in Taiwan. By using appropriate way can develop biochar products in the circular economy with high value-added. But the lack of well collection and industrial chain making the most agricultural waste be deal with compost, incineration, and disposal. Not only consuming excess of land resources, but also cause air pollution and infectious diseases by exhaust gas and Corrupted Biomass. In order to achieve agricultural waste of resources recycling, searching a best spot to set agricultural waste of collection center and processing station by spatial decision-making system is the first step to open a door for circular economy in agricultural waste.
This study takes “The plane of Biochar source supply and application management platform” from Taiwan Forestry Research Institute as reference, inventoried 11 species of agricultural waste. Furthermore, combine result of inventories and reports from Agriculture and Food Agency which investigate the resource of agricultural phenomenon in 2016. Also, building estimation methods for 11 species’ biochar source that be transferred to coefficients. According to two administrative layers of city-county and Villages-towns, evaluate the total amount of biochar resource and what can actually be used at the biochar productions.
Finally, using Biochar management platform of Web GIS to ran buffer Zones at agricultural associations in villages-towns which have the most potential source for production. And evaluate marketing group which have a great potential chain in each villages-towns. The studies provide reference for how to set biochar source collection center and processing stations.
According to the research about amount of waste, the mid-south part of Taiwan, have the most plentiful resources. Top ten village-country are having the most amount of rice crop and much higher than another village-country, except the high density of plastic bag mushroom planting which is from Xinshe Dist. Taichung City.
However, rice crop and plastic bag mushroom have high quality of managing biochar, therefore, it’s less for biochar productions to be used. By this research, the data of agricultural waste are found that it’s insufficient currently. The most method are according to past experiences or theoretical data as standers of evaluation. The agricultural associations create farming patch database which are according to aerial photos and pattern overlay, and be found that it’s lack of accuracy and immediacy. In order to make agricultural waste of evaluation to be more accurate, the future studies need more amendment and reinforcement.

並列關鍵字

Agricultural Waste ； Biochar ； Web GIS ； Spatial Decision System ； Circular Economy

參考文獻

劉廣泉 (2005)。高溫促進綠竹生長、出筍及壓條育苗之發根。國立台灣大學園藝學研究所碩士論文。

方信雄 (2014)。農業廢棄物資源化及收集模式之研究。國立台灣大學生物資源暨農學院生物產業機電工程學系博士論文。

行政院環境保護署 (2017)。事業廢棄物申報及管理資訊系統。

蔡佳儒、吳耿東 (2016)。臺灣農業廢棄物製備生物炭之未來與展望。農業生技產業季刊，循環經濟 2016 NO.46。

蔡佳儒、吳耿東 (2016)。臺灣農業廢棄物至被生物碳之未來與展望。農業生技產業季刊，46：24 – 28。