本文應用資料包絡分析法(DEA-Data Envelopment Analysis method)評估台灣地區上市上櫃之半導體製造公司之經營績效。研究方法以注重投入與產出關係的資料包絡分析法,利用數學規劃模式求取決策單位之相對效率,找出所有觀察資料的可能包絡曲線,並找出生產效率前緣(production efficiency frontier) 。藉此,進一步分析,包括效率(整體效率/純粹技術效率/規模效率)、敏感度、目標改善、參考群體等分析方法,進行實證研究。 資料包絡分析法是一種可以同時衡量多項投入與產出的多屬性效率評估方法,能夠在不預設生產函數型式且不須事先決定投入產出屬性的相對權重之下,求取各決策單位(Decision Making units) 之相對效率。因此,本文運用此一方法,對於生產函數相對複雜的半導體製造業來說,更能有效的評量出不同公司之間的經營效率。並針對相對無效率的公司提出相關改善建議,以期許所有的公司都能在最有效率的生產點來生產。 結果顯示台灣半導體製造公司的經營效率如下: 具有整體效率的公司為 「台積電」、「茂矽」、「華亞科」、「力晶」、「世界先進」。具有純粹技術效率的公司為 「聯電、「台積電」、「茂矽」、「南科」、「華亞科」、「力晶」、「世界先進」。本文期望藉由台灣半導體廠商本身的經營效率的改善,並加以各別發展其核心能力,並配合台灣特有的水平分工與垂直整合的完整產業結構、產業群聚效應…等。唯有經營效率的全面提昇,才是台灣半導體產業的最大優勢,才能立足台灣、稱霸全球。
This study uses DEA (Data envelopment Analysis) method to estimate the performance about operation efficiency between semiconductor companies on the stock market in Taiwan. DEA research focuses on the relationship between inputs & outputs. Using mathematical programming approach to accessing relative efficiencies within a group of Decision Making Units (DMU) and find all the possible envelopment curves with all observation data to form the production efficiency frontier. By the way, we could also use the real data to analysis the efficiency (total efficiency/technical efficiency/scale efficiency)、sensitivity、target slack、reference resource counts …etc . Data envelopment analysis method is an efficiency measure method with multi-properties to measure inputs and outputs in the same time. And it’s a non-parameter way to measure the efficiency about all related DMU (decision making units) without deciding production function or the weight of related inputs/outputs in advance. So, It’s a more effective method to measure the operation efficiency in semiconductor manufacturing companies that have more complex production situations. And I am looking forward to see all the companies could product their products with the most efficiency methods. And the result from my research is as following contexts. The companies with total efficiency are 「TSMC」、「MOSEL」、「INOTERA」、「PSC」、「VIS」.And the companies with pure technical efficiency are 「UMC」、「TSMC」、「NANYA」、「MOSEL」、「PSC」、「VIS」. This context hope through the improvement on management efficiency 、core strategy 、horizontal division 、vertical cooperation、industrial aggregation…etc. And the only way to base our self on Taiwan & dominating the world is totally enhancement on operation efficiency.