進口飼料用玉米增設黴菌毒素標準對產業的影響

我國自1980年代以來，對進口飼料用玉米制定的黴菌毒素法規一直採用黃麴毒素50 ppb限制，面對近代飼料用玉米來源的多樣化，以及黴菌毒素種類繁多，造成畜牧業的貿易及動物損失不殆。為此，在修改法規之前，務必要先了解可能造成的經濟損失。本研究將利用深度訪談法，以取得各界對本議題的看法，並且使用經濟模型模擬不同情境以預估經濟損失。本研究預估不同法規限制造成的經濟損失如下：黃麴毒素 50 ppb 的規定之下，市場與貿易損失為11.7億元，動物損失為112.6億元，總體經濟損失約124億元；黃麴毒素若修改為20 ppb時，市場與貿易損失為45.4億元，動物損失為57.9億元，總體經濟損失約103億元；若是黃麴毒素50 ppb 加上嘔吐毒素時，市場與貿易損失為11.7億元，動物損失為77.3億元，總體經濟損失約為89億元。政府透過適當且合乎時宜的法令，依法執行邊境管理，可以為台灣農畜業界減少損失，並為畜牧業提昇競爭力以及為國人帶來健康的肉品。

關鍵字

邊境管理；黴菌毒素；玉米；檢出率；標靶器官

並列摘要

Since 1980, the level of Mycotoxin for imported corn feeds has been set at Aflatoxin 50 ppb. Faced with the diversity of corn feed sources, as well as wide ranges of mycotoxins, resulting in the loss of trade and animals, it is critical to understand the potential economic loss before modifying the regulation. This research study applied both in depth interview to obtain various viewpoints as well as economic modeling to estimate economic loss under various scenarios. The estimated economic losses under different regulatory constraints are as follows: With Aflatoxin at 50 ppb, the trade loss is NT1.17 Billion, animal health losses is NT11.26 Billion, and total economic loss is NT12.4 Billion. If modified Aflatoxin to 20ppb, the trade loss is NT4.5 Billion, animal health losses is NT5.79 Billion, and total economic loss is NT10.3 Billion. Aflatoxin to 50ppb with vomitoxin, the trade loss is NT1.17 Billion, animal health losses is NT7.73 Billion, and total economic loss is NT8.9 Billion. Through appropriate and timely law and regulation, legally enforceable border management by the Government, the loss of Taiwan farm animal industry can be reduced and to enhance the competitiveness of livestock and meat for the people to bring health.