受軸力影響之鋼板混凝土複合牆耐震行為試驗與分析研究

Experimental and Analytical Studies on Seismic Behavior of Steel-Plate Composite Walls with Axial Compression

謝銓裕(Chuan-Yu Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 黃尹男

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202003021

摘要

鋼板混凝土複合牆是由兩面鋼面板(Faceplate)與內填混凝土(Infilled Concrete)複合而成，兩者之間的複合作用由焊接於鋼板內側之剪力釘(Shear Stud)與橫向螺桿(Tie Bar)等剪力連接器做為傳遞剪力媒介，並藉由橫向螺桿連結兩面鋼面板使其不分離與保持穩定性，以及避免鋼面板受壓在未降伏前即出現局部挫屈現象。由於鋼板混凝土複合牆具有高側向勁度與強度，早期主要運用於核能電廠結構，近幾年鋼板混凝土複合牆陸續被應用於超高樓核心筒系統，當此類牆體應用於超高樓層的建築物中，會承受極大的軸力，而現今設計規範AISC_341-16 (2016)的公式亦是假設牆體受純剪且未考慮軸力作用下的行為，因此，受軸力影響之鋼板混凝土複合牆耐震行為與剪力強度預測方式亟待研究釐清。
本研究於國家地震工程研究中心台南實驗室進行鋼板混凝土複合牆之擬靜態反覆載重試驗，所使用的試驗儀器為雙軸向動態測試系統(BATS)，試驗之試體共有六座，改變的參數為高寬比與軸壓比，試驗結果發現軸力對於鋼板混凝土複合牆的強度影響並不大，但對牆體後強度行為有明顯之影響。另外，本研究比較試驗結果與規範及不同學者提出此類牆體之剪力預測模型以驗證其適用範圍。
依據六座剪力破壞主控之鋼板混凝土複合牆試體尺寸與材料性質，本研究進行有限元素的模擬與分析，並利用試驗結果驗證模型分析之準確性。此外，由於影像量測分析的眾多優點，本研究利用此方法觀察試體之鋼面板於反覆側推作用下的位移場與應變場，進而掌握鋼面板於試驗過程中變形與破壞行為。最後，針對相同尺寸及用鋼量的鋼筋混凝土剪力牆與鋼板混凝複合牆進行剪力強度之比較，以了解不同設計參數對兩者剪力強度之影響。

關鍵字

鋼板混凝土複合牆 ； 擬靜態反覆試驗 ； 剪力強度 ； 高寬比 ； 軸壓比 ； 有限元素分析 ； 影像量測分析

並列摘要

Steel-Plate Composite Walls (SC walls) are composed of two sheets of steel faceplates, infill concrete and connectors, where the connectors are typically constructed from shear studs and cross-wall tie bars welded to the steel faceplates. The connectors are used to transfer shear between steel faceplates and concrete. In addition, cross-wall tie bars are designed to connect the opposite steel faceplates, provide structural integrity, and prevent the steel faceplates from local buckling before yielding in compression. Having high stiffness and strength, the SC walls were used in safety-related nuclear facilities at first. In recent years, they have been applied to the core of super high-rise buildings. When applied to super high-rise buildings, SC walls will be subjected to great axial force. Besides of that, the shear strength formula of the current design specification AISC_341-16 (2016) assumes that SC walls are subjected to pure in-plane shear, and axial force is not considered in the formula. Therefore, this study evaluates the impact of axial force on seismic behavior of SC walls via large-scale quasi-static tests.
The experiment was conducted at the Tainan laboratory of the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering and the experimental equipment was Bi-Axial Testing System (BATS). A total of six wall specimens (for two aspect ratios and three axial compression ratio.) were designed and fabricated. The experimental results indicate the axial force has limited influence on the shear strength, but accelerates post-peak strength degradation of the SC walls. In addition, the current specifications and the equations proposed by different scholars are verified using experimental results of 16 specimens from the past tests and from this experimental program.
According to the size and material properties of the six wall specimens, experiments are simulated and analyzed by using finite element method in this study. The analytical results are then used to compare to experimental data to verify the accuracy of the finite element analytical models. Moreover, due to the several advantages of the image-based analysis technology, the study uses this method to compute the displacement and strain fields of the steel faceplates of the specimens under displacement-controlled cyclic loading so that the locations and timing for the deformation and rupture of the steel faceplates are identified Finally, shear strengths of RC and SC walls with identical size and reinforcement ratio were compared to better understand the differences between the two types of walls.

並列關鍵字

Steel-plate composite wall ； in-plane cyclic loading ； shear strength ； aspect ratio ； axial compression ratio ； finite element method analysis ； image-based analysis technology

參考文獻

鄭與錚 (2016)。有邊界構材之鋼板混凝土複合牆之耐震行為與試驗研究。國立臺灣大學工學院土木工程學系碩士論文，臺北市。

ACI 318-14 (2014). “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary.” ACI 318-14, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan.

AISC 341-16 (2016). “Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings.” ANSI/AISC 341-16, American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, Illinois.

AISC N690s1-15 (2015). “Specification for Safety-Related Steel Structures for Nuclear Facilities.” AISC N690s1-15, American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, Illinois.

Booth, P., Varma, A. H., and Seo, J. (2015). “Lateral load capacity of steel plate composite wall structures.” In Transactions of the 23rd International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology, SMiRT (Vol. 23).