抽水井群最佳化操作方式之研究

The Study on Optimized Operation of Pumping Well Clusters

鄭筱玫(Hsiao-Mei Cheng)

指導教授 ： 徐年盛

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.01067

摘要

本研究之目的即在建立抽水井群最佳化操作方式之優選模式，以地下水位平均振幅最小化為目標函數，限制式包括各井之出水能力、規劃抽水量、操作週期24小時以及地下水流模式，評估井群最佳化操作之開啟井數、抽水延時與起抽時間，最後提出井群抽水最佳化操作規則之建議。
為使優選模式求解過程更有效率且省時，所訂定之求解方法分為三個階段，第一階段為抽水井數目的選擇與搜尋最佳抽水井組合，在此階段選擇的方式應避免選擇主導型重點水井；第二階段則是抽水延時組合的準備；第三階段利用模擬退火法配合禁忌演算法優選起抽時間，需將主導型重點井抽水延時搭配起抽時間之抽水時段盡量錯開，本研究所設立之優選模式將可更快速有效的求得井群最佳化操作方式。
以虎尾淨水場9口公共用水井做為三階段求解方法分析之實際案例，虎尾地區實際抽水操作方式主要為長時間少數井連續抽水，長期以同一口井抽水將會造成該的需水位持續嚴重下降。因此，本研究設計規劃抽水量為3000CMD，原本設定9口水井起抽時間為第1小時，抽水延時為8小時，所造成之平均水位振幅為2.59公尺，經過本研究建立之優選模式，所得最佳化操作方式為使用5口抽水井，錯開主導型重點水井之抽水時段，可將平均水位振幅降至0.47公尺，改善率達82%。因此有效的遵循本研究所訂定之抽水規則，搭配抽水井數目與抽水井組合的選取，達到主導型重點水井的抽水時段錯開，即可以達到平均水位振幅最小化，有效減緩地層下陷。

關鍵字

井群操作 ； 平均水位振幅 ； 主導型重點水井 ； 抽水時段 ； 優選模式

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to establish an optimized operation model of pumping well clusters and to propose the operation rules. The objective function is that the maximum averaged water level amplitude being minimized; the constraints include water productivity, planned water supply, 24-hour operation cycle, and groundwater flow model to assess the optimal operation variables, i.e. the number of wells, pumping duration and the starting time.
The solution method is divided into three stages for the efficient and time-saving solution process. The first stage is to choose the numbers of the wells and finding the best well group. In this stage, the best choice about how to choose well group is avoid the dominant wells. The second stages is to optimize the pumping duration. The third stage is to use Simulated Annealing Algorithms and Tabu Search to optimiz the starting time of pumping, it is needed that the pumping duration and the starting time of the dominant wells should be staggered, this study set an optimized model can solve this problem efficiently.
The 9 public wells from Hu-Wei water purification plant is chosen as the actual case for optimiation analysis. The actual pumping operation Hu-Wei region is mainly use few wells pumping continually for a long time, it may caused a lacal drawdown deeply. The study at planned water supply 3000CMD, original set-up is that 9 wells all start pumping at the first hour and the pumping duration are 8 hours, causing 2.59 meters of averaged water level amplitude. After optimization, that the pumping period stagger in 5 better wells. The average water level amplitude is lowered to 0.47 meter with an improvement rate of 82%. Follow the optimization model and the operation rules set by this study, with the number of pumping wells and the best well group selected, staggered the period of dominant wells, we can minimize the average water level amplitude and effectively slow down the land subsidence.

並列關鍵字

pumping well clusters operation ； average water level amplitude ； dominant wells ； pumping period ； optimization model

參考文獻

19. 張毓玲，「利用地震後地下水位變化推求侷限含水層之水文地質參數」，國立台灣大學土木工程學系研究所碩士論文，2012。

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20. 林聖婷，「濁水溪沖積扇補注量抽水量空間分佈模式建立」，國立台灣大學土木工程學系研究所碩士論文，2012。

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