結合詮釋結構模型之多準則評比系統於營建工程方案評選

Construction project plan selection based on multi-criteria evaluation system with topological visualisation

陳亞冬(Ya-Dong Chen)

指導教授 ： 謝尚賢

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202003330

摘要

營建工程具有生命周期長、參與者衆多、數據資料複雜等特性。不同的參與者在不同建設階段都會遇到需要對多個工程方案進行比選的問題，對於工程專案來説，不同建設階段據以評比的數據特徵是不同的，某一個固定的方案比選方法並不能適用與所有階段。因此，本研究發展出一套結合詮釋結構模型之多準則評比系統，提供給不同決策者更多的決策選擇項，決策者可以根據自己的需求選擇方案評比的準則、比重等要素。本決策系統能夠處理多種數據類型存在的決策問題，採用精確數處理定量評價信息，採用概率語義集和模糊語義集處理定性評價信息，可以解決營建工程數據資料類型複雜的問題也避免將不同類型的數據轉化為統一數據類型過程中的信息損失。相比於目前的多準則決策系統在輸出最終排序時會做妥協計算，本系統的優勢在於輸出的是可視化的各方案之間的優劣關係，有利於決策者從全局角度出發進行決策。爲了驗證本研究提出的評價系統的合理性以及區別於現有評價方式的優勢，本研究選取現有文獻中的案例為實證分析對象，分別從數據處理和評比模式兩方面展示本研究的評價系統的適用性和創新性。

關鍵字

多準則評比 ； 工程方案比選 ； 逼近理想點排序方法 ； 詮釋結構模型 ； 模糊理論

並列摘要

Construction projects have their specific features, such as long life cycle, a large number of participants and complex data types. Different participants in a construction project often encounter same issues of making a choice from several engineering plans in different project phases. Moreover, construction data used for decision making usually have different characteristics in each project phase. It is thus infeasible to apply a method with fixed evaluation criteria to all project phases. To overcome the aforementioned challenges, this study develops a multi-criteria evaluation system, in synergy with the concept of topological visualization, to facilitate decision makers in making decision with multiple choices so that they can (interactively) select proper evaluation criteria according to their needs and experiences. This evaluation system is able to handle data with both quantitative and qualitative types. In particular, the techniques of probability and fuzzy semantic sets are used to process qualitative evaluation information. This can effectively solve the problem caused by complex data types in construction engineering and minimize information loss during the process of converting different types of data to a unified type. Whereas existing multiple decision-making systems generally conduct compromised calculations for final sorting of the evaluated plans, the proposed system enables decision makers to visualizing the (competing) relationships between all plans, so the best final decision can be made. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed evaluation system and to validate its advantage over existing evaluation methods, this study selected two cases that have been analyzed in the literature and conducted empirical analysis. The result suggests that the proposed method can provide much more information to the decision makers and to effectively lead to a better decision making process. Furthermore, the proposed method is of great flexibility, so it can potentially be useful in every phase of a construction project.

並列關鍵字

multiple-criteria evaluation ； comparison and selection of engineering programs ； TOPSIS ； ISM ； fuzzy theory

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