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  • 學位論文

新穎性聚醯亞胺及其有機/無機混成材料之設計、合成、性質及其於光學應用

Design, Synthesis, and Properties of Polyimides and Their Hybrid Materials for Optical Applications

指導教授 : 陳文章

摘要


有機無機混成材料由於具有調控彼此之間的特性來製備出各種創新的用途,所以近年來已被廣泛地討論及應用。這些混成材料在光學應用中相當廣泛,例如高折射率薄膜、光波導元件、非線性光學材料及各種光學保護層等。本論文中探討以高分子聚醯亞胺和無機奈米粒子混摻之後得到不同功能性之奈米複合材料,並探討製備之光學應用及光學特性,其中光波導材料、包含高折射率薄膜及抗反射膜的研究。 感光性的聚醯亞胺-二氧化矽混成材料部分,研究中探討兩個系列的奈米複合材料之合成與鑑定。在第二章中,利用加入耦合劑和無機粒子的方式,將離子型感光聚醯亞胺在熱烘烤過程中所造成的膜厚損失從原先的28.1 %降低到5.9 %,並且同時提高曝光顯影後所得圖形的解析度及降低紅外光之光傳損失 在第三章中,將感光性色淡性聚醯亞胺利用添加較多比例的無機奈米粒子,除了在熱烘烤過程中能有低收縮率的表現之外,還能維持在可見光區良好的透明度。在曝光顯影部分可以製作出多種不同形狀之圖案且具有低光傳損失性質,其光學膜也可以應用在各種光學波導元件上。 利用二氧化矽及二氧化鈦混摻在色淡性聚醯亞胺中,可以得到高低折射率分佈的聚醯亞胺-無機混成材料。在第四章中,將修飾過的二氧化鈦前驅溶液加入色淡性聚醯亞胺中製備奈米複合材料,之後更進一步的使用水熱法促進生成及分散於高分子中,並提高混成材料的折射率。所得之薄膜除了在可見光區呈透明之外,折射率分佈可從1.550至1.847,而其光學膜也可應用在三層抗反射塗層,在可見光範圍其反射率可小於0.5 %. 以上合成出的高分子有機無機混成光學材料均具有比原材料更優異的各種光學性質,因此這些混成光學材料可應用於各種光電元件上,例如抗反射膜與光波導等應用。

並列摘要


Organic–inorganic hybrid materials have been extensively studied recently since their molecular tailing properties could produce new functionalities. Such hybrid materials have been widely investigated for advanced optical applications, such as high refractive materials, non-linear optical materials, optical waveguide, and protective layer materials. In this study, the objectives are to synthesize hybrid nanocomposites of polyimide / inorganic hybrid and explore the optical application, including optical waveguides, high refractive index films, and antireflective films. Two classes of photosensitive-silica hybrid materials are synthesized and characterized. In Chapter 2, the volume shrinkage during imidization is largely reduced by introducing coupling agent and inorganic moiety in the conventional ionic salt photosensitive polyimide. The volume shrinkage during the thermal curing imidization is reduced from 28.1 % to 5.9 %, and this approach also increases the resolution of patterns and reduces the optical loss as well. In Chapter 3, photosensitive colorless polyimide-silica hybrid materials with more inorganic content are not only have lower volume shrinkage during thermal imidization, but also exhibit transparency in the visible region. The hybrid film could be patterned by a direct lithographic process and developed to kinds of patterns and have the application in different optical waveguides. Colorless polyimide-silica and polyimide-titania hybrid thin films are described in Chapter 4. The modified titania precursors are added in the polyimide matrix to form the polyimide-titania hybrid materials. Furthermore, hydrothermal treatment was used to induce condensation and crystallization of amorphous titania at a relative low temperature, thus enhance the refractive indices also. The experimental results suggest that transparent and tunable refractive indices (1.550-1.847 at 633nm) polyimide-silica/titania hybrid thin films were prepared. A three-layer anti-reflective coating based on the prepared hybrid films was designed and processed on glass and polymer film substrates with a reflectance of less than 0.5 % in the visible range. The above polyimide-inorganic hybrid materials exhibit superior optical characteristics than their parent polymers. Such materials would be of interest in various optical and optoelectronic devices, such as antireflective films and optical waveguides…etc.

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