- 學位論文
1. 戴奧辛與人體暴露之探討 2. 地區醫院醫療事業廢棄物產生及相關因子
1. Human Exposure to Dioxin 2. Characteristics of Medical Waste Generation at Community Hospitals in Taiwan
摘要
戴奧辛及呋喃(polychlorinated dibenzodioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran, PCDD/F)為含氯物質與有機物燃燒的產物，許多工業製程也會產生。因其脂溶性及不易分解之性質，於排放後可於環境中存在相當長久的時間，因此被歸類為持久性的有機污染物(persistent organic pollutant，簡稱POP)。這些高毒性的物質對健康的影響已受到大眾的關切。 本研究目的主要採文獻探討的方式以說明及歸納出戴奧辛在台灣與各國文獻之中的人體血液暴露量之濃度分布概況，並且對於其結構特性及健康影響予以說明。 戴奧辛為由一個或兩個氧原子連結一對苯環類化合物之統稱，前者為呋喃(furan)，後者為戴奧辛(dioxin)，為平面狀的三環芳香族化合物，共有約210種不同化合物的總稱，包括75種多氯二聯苯戴奧辛(polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin, PCDDs)及135種多氯二聯苯呋喃(polychlorinated dibenzofuran, PCDFs)。 台灣一般民眾血液中PCDD/Fs的濃度與亞洲國家較為接近，稍高於韓國、俄羅斯但比日本低，而亞洲地區國家一般民眾血液中PCDD/Fs濃度值則大多低於歐洲國家例如德國、西班牙、比利時等國家。 台灣地區各區域一般民眾血液中多氯戴奧辛/呋喃濃度在地區方面，以高雄南區較高(21.2 pg I-TEQ/g-lipid)，新店焚化爐附近居民最低(14.0 pg I-TEQ/g-lipid)。性別方面，女性(18.3±7.9 pg I-TEQ/g-lipid)的也較男性(16.0±7.9 pg I-TEQ/g-lipid)高。和年齡的關係顯示有隨年齡增加而血中濃度也隨之增高的顯著趨勢(p<0.0001)。由體質量指數觀察，也有隨體質量指數越高而血中濃度也隨之增高的趨勢；體脂比例也觀察到同樣的現象，造成差異的可能和體脂肪有關。這些資料說明戴奧辛在人體積蓄的效應 關鍵字：戴奧辛，呋喃，多氯二聯苯戴奧辛，多氯二聯苯呋喃。
並列摘要
Dioxin and furan (polychlorinated dibenzodioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran, PCDD/F) are productions in the combustion of chlorinated materials together with organic matters and in some industrial process as well. Because they are fat-soluble and difficult to decompose in the environment after being discharged, these chemicals have been considered as the persistent organic pollutant (POP). These substances, with high toxicity, have become a concern of health. This study involved literature research of papers in order to compare human burden of dioxins between Taiwan and other selected areas, and to depict factors associated with the blood concentration of dioxins. Health effects of dioxin were also briefly reviewed. Dioxins are referred to as two groups of 210 chemicals being linked the ring compound of a benzene pair by one (furan) or two (dioxin) oxygen atoms, including more than 75 kinds of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and 135 kinds of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs ). The average concentrations of PCDD/Fs in the blood for Taiwan general populations are near to that of most Asian populations or slightly higher than that of Korean and Russian, lower than that of Japanese. In general, blood PCDD/Fs concentrations for Asian populations are lower than that for European populations, such as in Germany, Spain and Belgium, etc. The average blood TCDD/Fs concentrations for Taiwan populations varied among regions, ranged between 14.0 pg I-TEQ/g-lipid for Hsien Dien residents and for 21.2 pg I-TEQ/g-lipid for south Kaohsjung residents. The levels are higher for women (18.3±7.9 pg I-TEQ/g-lipid ) than for men (16.0±7.9 pg I-TEQ/g-lipid ). The average blood concentration increases as age increases (p<0.0001). Significant dose-response associations also have been reported between blood level and the body mass index and body fat ratio. The review study stresses the bioaccumulation of human dioxin burden is body fat associated. However, no significant health effect has been identified.
參考文獻
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