臨床護理師之臨床研究護理轉職意向與相關因素之探討

Exploring the Intention of Career Transition and Related Factors of Clinical Research Nursing among Registered Nurses

龔湘岷(Hsiang-Min Kung)

指導教授 ： 黃貴薰

國立臺灣大學/醫學院/護理學研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201803373

摘要

【背景】國內出現具臨床研究護理專業人才之需求及臨床護理師具偏高非護理轉職意向與離職率的現象，導致臨床研究專業人才的需求無法滿足、機構護理專業人才流失、多元護理角色發展備受考驗。臨床護理師對臨床研究陌生及認為傳統護理角色才是護理專業的迷思等，使其在規劃轉職時，較少將研究護理師一職列入考量。
【目的】透過探討臨床護理師之臨床研究護理轉職意向的現況與影響因素，有助於未來臨床研究護理人才招募策略的研擬及促進國內護理多元角色之發展。
【方法】 採橫斷性調查及滾雪球取樣法，以臨床護理師為對象，自擬問卷量表，以專家效度、預試、內在一致性及因素分析等方式進行信效度檢驗，以描述性、推論性統計做結果分析。
【結果】2017年12月28日至2018年1月18日自北部三所醫學中心內、外、婦產、兒科、加護病房等單位取得有效量表182份。結果顯示，整體受訪者具中高程度的臨床研究護理轉職意向，以年輕、專科及二四技教育背景、具轉職規劃、考慮轉職一般護理及研究護理師職位者具有較高的臨床研究護理轉職意向。態度、外控傾向及主觀規範是轉職意向的主要預測因子，整體模式可解釋45%總變異量。
【結論與建議】意向主要受到態度、外控傾向及主觀規範影響，此結果有助於臨床研究護理招募人才時，鎖定標的族群，強化正向、削減負向因素，提升臨床護理師之臨床研究護理轉職意向，減少其非護理之轉職，亦有助於國內多元護理角色的蓬勃發展。

關鍵字

臨床試驗 ； 轉職意向 ； 臨床研究護理師 ； 計畫行為理論

並列摘要

Background: We have an unmet need for clinical research professionals, and meanwhile, studies show that there are high intentions of non-nursing transition and turnover rate among registered nurses (RNs) in Taiwan leads to the loss of nursing professionals in institutions and nursing industry, and brings a great challenge to the development of multiple nursing roles in Taiwan as well. The RNs have the myth for traditional nursing roles, unfamiliarities for clinical research nursing and the stigmatization for clinical research leading to negative influences for them to consider a career transition to clinical research nurses(CRNs).
Aims: We aim to help make strategies for the enrollment of CRNs and improve the development of multiple nursing roles in Taiwan through exploring the intentions and related factores of clinical research nursing among RNs.
Methods: We conduct the cross-sectional study by using a snowball sampling and self-developmented scale tool to enroll in-service RNs who work in the facilities where approved to conduct clinical research by authorities.We report the results by descriptive and inferential statistical methods, and we also discuss the scale construction, including its theoretical base, results of experts’ reviewing and pretesting, factor analysis and the reliability and validity estimates.
Results: We collected 182 valid scales from wards, intensive care units, and others from three medical centers in northern Taiwan during 28 Dec 2017 to 18 Jan 2018. The study findings show the participants possess an upper-intermediate level of the transitional intention to clinical research nursing. The RNs who are younger, with the educational background in junior college, two and four-year program, plans for career transition, considering their transitions to ordinary nursing or to CRNs have higher transitional intentions of clinical research nursing. Furthermore, the attitudes toward the transition to clinical research nursing, the tendency of exteral locus of control and the subjective norms are the main predictors in the prediction of the intentions of career transition to clinical research nursing among RNs. The total of 45% variation is explained by the multiple regression model.
Conclusions: The intentions of career transition to clinical research nursing are mainly influenced by the positivism of RNs’ attitudes, tendency of external locus of control and their perception of the subjective norms. Knowing the target population with the higher intention of career transition to clinical research nursing and the factors to facilitate or weaken their intention through our research findings brings a brand new perspective to make strategies for enrolling CRNs from RNs. Moreover, increasing the rate of transition to clinical research nursing instead of non-nursing industries in RNs also makes a significant contribution to flourishing the development of multiple nursing roles in Taiwan’s nursing profession.

並列關鍵字

clinical trials ； clinical research nurses ； intention ； career transition ； theory of planned behavior

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