透過您的圖書館登入
IP:44.221.46.132
  • 學位論文

中國地方政府急躁土地開發的制度分析——一個時空修補的面向

Institution Analysis of Hurried Land Development by Local Governments of China:An Approach of Spatio-temporal Fix

指導教授 : 簡旭伸

摘要


2000年之後,中國的固定資產投資規模和都市化進程加速推進,本文探討中國地方政府主導的土地開發等空間面向的城鄉轉型與時間面向的擴張加速現象,就規劃體制、財政體制的結構與地方市政投融資的發展,解釋地方政府急躁的土地開發的動機、過程、能力、風險、後果。研究採用文獻法和訪談法,透過個案研究、政策與實踐脈絡進行制度分析。 文獻回顧了都市空間的政治經濟學、經濟危機下的國家角色與對策,中央與地方關係與土地二元產權體制理論,并提出研究發問:2000年前後中國地方政府急躁的空間生產是在怎樣的實踐過程和制度架構下產生的?如何理解中國經驗中的時空修補與都市空間擴張中的中央—地方關系?本文認為破碎的土地規劃;省級統籌、中央計劃的土地行政管理;地方競爭為主的土地財政与城投公司作为地方投融资工具与债务平台的地方融資體系,嵌合成地方政府急躁發展的齒輪,構成了地方與中央共謀與博弈的制度安排。 論文的初步結論是:地方政府府際競爭與向上負責的組織脈絡與中央—地方策略性互動實踐下,規劃、財政、金融構成的制度嵌合共同促成地方政府主導的「急躁開發」。中國城市空間生產的經驗存在「時空修補」的三重理論意涵:以時間殲滅空間,對當前時間的「時空整理」;拿象徵空間與「過去時間」換取當前發展空間的「時間借用」;以寅支卯糧、壓縮成長、債務週期加快換取新區空間快速擴張的「時空增殖」。就修補效果而言,至少存在兩種資本積累的循環,一種是地方財政能力強大、二級市場活躍、土地供給平穩,從而改善投資環境、擴大內需的良性循環;一種則是地方過於急躁的惡性循環:城投公司的財務狀況、地方政府的財政收支與債務、一二級土地市場景氣、金融機構和資本市場之間的鏈條由於一處的斷裂,產生從財政到金融到治理的全盤危機。中國以土地開發為主的地方國家資本主義,從威權國家中央與地方的策略性互動的角度解釋了時空修補的複雜性。

並列摘要


After 2000, with the decline of the township-village enterprises and the completion of the restructuring of state-owned enterprises, China has gradually formed the ongoing rapid urbanization of the fixed asset investment-led model.The thesis focused on not only the spatial transition but also the temporal phenomena:Chinese local government-led hurried land development,such as new area development and other fierce urbanization phenomena.Through analysing process (planning, primary land market,secondary land market) and institution of land development,including the planning system , the structure of central-local revenue system and the local municipal investment and financing mechanism,the thesis discussed those hurried developments’motivation、process、capability、risks、consequences and so on.In this study data was collected by literature review and interviews, case studies and a diachronical analysis of policy and practice were used as research methods. The literature reviewed the political economy of urban space , the general roles of the state in the economic crisis and countermeasures , the relationship between central and local government of China and Chinese local land dualistic property rights regime, and then proposed research questions:In what kind of institution and practice contexts, local governments’ hurried production of urbanspace before and after 2000 can be prompted? How to understand the central - local relations in the expansion of urban space and the spatio-temporal fix by Chinese land-related experiences? This paper argues that the fragmented land planning ; top-down land administration and management ; the local governments’ competition on land revenue; and UDIC as local investment and financing instruments and debt platforms , embedded in the the synthetic local government hurried development gear and constituted the institutional arrangements for local and central conspiracy and game playing. The preliminary conclusions of the paper are: the organizational context that the inter-local governmental competition and upward responsible local government,as well as the local-central strategic interactive practices, resulted in the institution structure of planning,land revenue, financial system,which fitting together contributed to the local government’s hurried land development. Experience of Chinese urban space production implicated triple theoretical concepts of "spatio-temporal fix" : (1) spatio-temporal rearranging:annihilating the space by current time;(2)time borrowing: taking symbolic space and the past time in exchange for the current development of space;(3)spatio-temporal proliferation:New Urban Area diffused outside the pre-existing city through compressed growth and the debt cycle speeding up,just like the cell proliferation or a colonization process by expropriating the periphery.There are at least two kinds of capital accumulation cycle:firstly a virtuous cycle affected by a powerful local government with fiscal capacity which is not so highly relied on land , an active secondary market , stable land supply , so as to improve the investment environment , and expanding domestic demand ; secondly an impetuous vicious cycle that much too fast land development in short time created the unbalance between fiscal revenue and expenditure of local government, the secondary land market boom , high risks of financial institutions and capital markets, resulting overall crisis from financial to governance.Chinese land based local state capitalism explained the complexity of the spatio-temporal fix from the approach of the authoritarian state with delicate central and local strategic interaction.

參考文獻


蔡書瑋(2009)(從農村到油畫村:深圳大芬村行畫產業的空間形構)。臺灣大學
曹海濤(2012)(產權、分稅制與地方政府行為─中國大陸「土地財政」之分析)。
化)。《臺灣政治學刊》,第3 期,頁3-63。
翁慶鐘(2010)(快速都市化下村集體地的開發類型—珠三角城中村/村中城案)。
運迎霞(2006)(城市規劃中的土地問題研究)。天津大學博士論文,頁77。

被引用紀錄


梁鈞淳(2016)。後社會主義中國基層治理的細碎化變革—以廈門海滄新城社區的網格化管理為例〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU201603042
曹家璧(2016)。基礎設施的空間政治:中國無錫的地鐵治理〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU201602445

延伸閱讀