概念隱喻網絡研究：以國語流行歌曲之愛情主題為例

Love Metaphors in Taiwan Mandarin Lyrics since the 90s: A Metaphor Network Model Approach

王國樹(Kuo-Shu Wang)

指導教授 ： 江文瑜

國立臺灣大學/文學院/語言學研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2010.01537

摘要

本論文旨在探討愛情隱喻在中文流行歌曲中的呈現，試圖找出在中文流行歌曲闡釋愛情此一抽象概念的隱喻，同時建構概念隱喻網路模型(Metaphor Network Model)以解釋存在於這些愛情隱喻背後的概念認知過程。

概念隱喻不但被視為反映人類思考與認知的重要機制(Su 2000)同時透過語言現象中隱喻的使用也反映我們思維概念的運作過程。流行音樂不但具有抒發個人情懷以及反應社會變遷與現實的特性，同時亦身為當代流行文化中最廣被接受的一種文化載體。愛情，為中西流行音樂中最為廣泛探究的主題。然而過去針對中文流行歌曲的隱喻現象的研究仍付之闕如，因此，本篇論文藉由探討愛情如何在中文流行音樂中透過隱喻呈現，不僅可以對於我們在理解愛情此概念的認知過程有更深入的認識，更能將隱喻與當代社會文化現象做緊密且直接的連結。

研究結果顯示，取自於金曲龍虎榜，G-music風雲榜及HitFm年度百首單曲榜過去廿年總共352首歌曲中，藉由運用概念隱喻理論(Conceptual Metaphor Theory)與融合理論(Blending Theory)所找出的536個隱喻用法中，愛情是旅程(LOVE IS A JOURNEY)是最為頻繁使用的愛情隱喻(29.9%)。旅程概念中許多細微的面向舉凡旅客人數的變化，旅程終點的有無，旅程的長短，旅行的方式以及旅途中經過的風景皆被運用來描述各式不同的愛情。其次為實體隱喻(Ontological Metaphor)（24.6％），本論文也提出七種實體特性具體說明分類的標準。除此之外，本論文也發現大部分中文流行歌曲中的的愛情隱喻都可以被分類為『事件結構隱喻』(Event Structure Metaphor)以及『實體隱喻』(Ontological Metaphor)但是仍有部分隱喻是必須透過結合這兩者隱喻的特性才能詮釋。有鑑於此，本論文提出『合成隱喻』(Portmanteau Metaphor)的新分類藉以增補以往隱喻理論上的分類無法完全符合中文流行歌曲中愛情隱喻的情況。

本論文依據中文流行歌曲裡愛情隱喻之間相互呼應與叩合的關係建構了概念隱喻網絡。此概念隱喻網絡融匯了融合理論中多重心理空間(mental space)中概念彼此映射(mapping)的理論基礎與概念隱喻理論和融合理論中對於隱喻選取的標準來完整評釋中文流行歌曲中同時融合多重隱喻用以瞭解愛情的現象。再者，藉由歸併每種隱喻分類中的概念隱喻網絡，我們可以統整出一個全景概念隱喻網絡(Panoramic Metaphor Network Model)進而幫助我們瞭解中文流行歌詞對於愛情此一抽象概念的綜合認知過程做全面性的瞭解。

關鍵字

概念隱喻模型 ； 概念隱喻 ； 融合理論 ； 合成隱喻 ； 流行音樂 ； 愛情

並列摘要

The present thesis aims to investigate how love metaphors are employed in Mandarin pop music, attempting to find out metaphors utilized to elucidate the abstract concept, love. Meanwhile, the Metaphor Network Model is constructed to explain the conceptual cognitive processes underlying these love metaphors.

Conceptual metaphor is regarded as an important device that reflects the cognitive source of human thinking (Su 2000). In addition, metaphors employed through linguistic expressions also mirror our conceptual processes. Pop music not only has characteristics of voicing personal feelings and reflecting social changes and realities but is also considered a pervasively accepted culture vehicle in current pop culture. Moreover, love is the most dominant topic in Western and Mandarin pop music. However, there is little research examining metaphor in Mandarin pop music. Thus, this thesis does not merely provide an in-depth understanding of cognitive processes of comprehending love but also connects metaphors with contemporary socio-cultural phenomena tightly.

The result reveals that LOVE IS A JOURNEY is the most frequently-used love metaphor (29.9%) among 536 metaphorical tokens identified via Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Blending Theory in 352 songs selected from Golden Melody Chart, G-Music Chart and Hitfm Chart for the past 2 decades. Moreover, numerous delicate aspects of a journey, such as the variation of the number of travelers, the destination of a journey, the length of a journey, the way of a journey, and the scenery observed during the journey, are all employed to delineate different kinds of love. The second frequently-used metaphor is Ontological Metaphor, which accounts for 24.6%. Seven ontological traits are utilized to specify the classification criteria. Furthermore, this thesis finds that while most love metaphors in Mandarin lyrics can be classified into Event Structure Metaphor and Ontological Metaphor, some love metaphors cannot be interpreted unless the characteristics of these two categories are combined. In view of this, Portmanteau Metaphor is thus proposed as a novel metaphor category to complement the inadequacy of classification in previous studies that cannot provide a thorough explanation for love metaphors in Mandarin pop music.

This thesis constructs the Metaphor Network Model based on the corresponding relations among love metaphors in Mandarin pop music. This model merges cross-mapping among multiple mental spaces in Blending Theory and metaphor identification criteria from Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Blending Theory to explain the phenomenon where at least two metaphors are blended simultaneously to conceptualize love. Furthermore, a Panoramic Metaphor Network Model, which can illuminate the conceptualization of love, can be constructed when the Metaphor Network Models from different metaphor categories are integrated.

並列關鍵字

Metaphor Network Model ； conceptual metaphor ； blending theory ； portmanteau metaphor ； pop music ； love

參考文獻

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