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  • 學位論文

二維光奈米流之數值分析及其前瞻性的應用

2D Numerical Analysis and Potential Applications of The Photonic Nanojet

指導教授 : 曾雪峰

摘要


本論文主要探討近場光學範疇裡的光奈米流(photonic nanojet)。簡而言之,近場光學為奈米尺度中各種光學作用的新領域,成立的條件在於量測距離遠小於所入射光波的波長時,因在近場中光波動性質尚未表現明顯,故不受傳統光學中的繞射極限所限制,因此可具有極高之空間解析度或分辨力。 本論文採用二維時域有限差分法(finite-difference time-domain),有系統的探討在各種不同參數影響之下,光波經微結構介值所產生之光奈米流特有的光場傳輸現象,以及分析其光強度 (intensity) 在近場範圍中的分佈特性與光場強度的增益作用。最後,再將光奈米流加入現在前瞻性的應用中如:光微影術及光偵測。 本文在研究內容上可分為以下三個部分: 1. 程式碼的驗證以及環境參數的建立。 2. 研究單一微結構之近場光強度分佈以及在垂直電場偏振方向上的截面積、幾何結構、介電常數變化對近場光場分佈的影響。 3. 應用光奈米流在光學偵測以及微影技術上去克服繞射極限的巨大障礙。 因此在可見光範圍內,光奈米流提供了一個新的方法去偵測小於光繞射極限的奈米粒子,比較目前常用的原子力顯微鏡(atomic force microscope, AFM)與掃描式電子顯微鏡(scanning electron microscope, SEM),其最大優點是不會對觀測物造成嚴重的破壞性,也因為如此而產生了有潛力的前瞻性應用。所以未來若使用光奈米流至目前的光學顯微鏡上,其可以用來偵測生物組織、病毒細胞、甚至可觀察微觀世界中的分子,此皆由於光奈米流能夠突破繞射極限,因此這對於未來在生醫領域、材料科學領域、細胞工程以及化學領域將會帶來莫大的發展。

並列摘要


The near-field scattering properties of dielectric micro-cylinders are investigated using the FDTD method. In particular, physical phenomena involving localized photonic “nanojets” are explored. Firstly, it is shown that photonic nanojets exhibit waists as narrow as 40nm (smaller than the diffraction limit), and propagate over several optical wavelengths without significant diffraction. Secondly, by inserting a nanometer-scale particle at surface of a semi-cylinder, it is shown that a photonic nanojet increases the backscattering of visible light. Potential applications of this "super-enhanced” backscattering phenomenon include visible-light detection and characterization of nanoparticles as small as clusters of a few hundred atoms. Other potential applications include manipulation and modification of nanoparticles. Most importantly, the photonic nanojet provides a useful means to overcome the diffraction limit.

並列關鍵字

near-field FDTD nanojet

參考文獻


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[5] C. L. Adler, J. A. Lock, B. R. Stone, and C. J. Garcia, “High-order interior caustics produced in scattering of a diagonally incident plane wave by a circular cylinder,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 14, 1305-1315 (1997).

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