地下集水設施應用在形貌變動河川 之定常與序率模擬及現地率定

Groundwater extraction from a geomorphically active river:field calibration of deterministic and stochastic models

姜毓洲(Yu-Chou Chiang)

指導教授 ： 卡艾瑋

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.01925

摘要

本篇論文在探索地下取水施設作為形貌變動河川取水工的潛能。勤和堰計劃在荖濃溪取水，規劃堰址歷經劇烈的河床高程變動，在莫拉克風災此單一事件中，河床即抬升有20公尺之譜。在此等條件下，評估各式地下取水方案。為了量化河床變動的潛勢，採用序率模式並以長時間尺度的地質資料及近期密集的水文記錄率定。另建立一個三維地下水的定常模式，用以模擬河川質中的流動行為。此模式以method of fundamental solutions為基底，並以自由邊界條件解算地下水位。並以現地橋梁工程，施工中的沉箱進行全尺度之抽水試驗，用以率定及驗證地下水模式。最後，利用上述模式，評估在變動河川中地下水取水施設的表現。

關鍵字

河床演育 ； 序率模式 ； 最大概似法 ； 地下水流 ； 地下堤堰 ； method of fundamental solutions ； 自由邊界問題

並列摘要

The thesis explores the potential of groundwater extraction as a method of water derivation from a geomorphologically active river. The case chosen is the Qingho derivation of Laonong River, where large elevation changes have been recorded. Due to Typhoon Morakot, for instance, the river bed rose 20 meters in a single event. For such condition we evaluate different groundwater extraction schemes. To characterize potential river elevation change, we propose a stochastic model calibrated with long term geological data and modern hydrological observations. A deterministic 3D groundwater flow model is constructed to simulate flow through the alluvial fill. The model is based on the method of fundamental solutions and takes the water table as a free boundary. Field calibration and verification is done based on a full-scale drawdown test conducted at a bridge pier near the site. Finally, we apply the tools to evaluate the performance of different groundwater extraction schemes, under changing river conditions.

並列關鍵字

riverbed evolution ； stochastic model ； maximum likelihood estimation ； groundwater flow ； buried weir ； method of fundamental solutions ； free boundary problem

參考文獻

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