- 學位論文
建築工程管線組裝最適化建置之研究
The Study of Pipe Assembling Optimization for Building Construction Project
摘要
建築工程主要由結構、建築與機電系統三大部分所組成。其中，機電系統直接影響建築物之安全、設備運轉機能和結構與建築設計彈性。在某些特殊之建築專案中，機電系統所佔之專案整體預算比可高達50%，可見機電系統於建築工程中之重要性。 透過實務專家的訪談，傳統機電系統管線施工常發生9種主要問題並可歸納成空間限制與進度落後兩大主要類型。機電系統有著大量的管線和設備需要在機房內安裝，但由於機房往往在建築物地下室的角落並且空間相對狹小，過多的人機料同時進入機房內施作往往造成空間上之衝突。此外，傳統管線施工需要等待設備定位後才可開始裁切管線與組裝，在設備運送時程不容易精確掌握的情況下，時間往往耗費在等待而造成進度落後。 透過文獻回顧後發現較少研究針對機電系統管線組裝之管理進行討論。本研究針對機電系統之管線組裝方式提出一套具邏輯性且有別於傳統施工之方法。本研究亦透過專家訪談之方式將專家對於管線組裝時之隱性知識萃取成顯性知識並將其融入本研究所提之方法中。本方法包含組件最佳化與組裝最佳化兩大部分，將一個龐大的機電系統透過組件最佳化之邏輯將其拆解成數個可預組之組件以此提高組裝的效率；而組裝最佳化之邏輯針對預組之組件進行組裝順序之模擬，提出最適之組裝順序以供參考。而本研究之成果亦應用於實際建築專案中，並明確地節省相當之工期與成本。
並列摘要
Building construction is composed of three major parts which are structure; architecture; and mechanical, electrical and plumbing (MEP) systems. MEP systems not only directly impact the safety, operating efficiency, and energy utilization, flexibility of the structural and architectural design (Korman et al. 2003) but also cost more than 50% of the project budget in some specific building construction projects (Riley et al. 2005). After interviewing practical experts, there are nine major problems about traditional construction method on MEP pipe installation were pointed out. These problems can be summarized as two major limiting factors, space limitations and schedule delays, which MEP construction usually faced. Space limitations result from a large number of pipe elements and equipment need to be installed but workers usually construct in a limited space due to the MEP rooms are almost always located in the corner of the building basement with small working space. In addition, workers spent time on waiting for equipment being located before they cut and connect pipe piece by piece on construction site under traditional construction method. Schedule delays can easily be caused by the uncontrolled delivery schedule of the equipment. Fewer past studies discussed on construction management of pipe installation in MEP rooms. This study presents an algorithmic approach for efficiently prefabricating and assembling the mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems for buildings construction. Also, this research extracted tacit knowledge of pipe assembling from practical experts to explicit knowledge through interview. Experts’ experience and the heuristically pipe assembling rules were transformed into mathematical algorithm in this study. Two main algorithms which are the decomposition optimization and assembly optimization were stated based on the experts’ knowledge. The algorithm of decomposition optimization provides a rational planning algorithm which packages large and complex MEP systems into several smaller fabricated components to increase the efficiency of the installation process. Moreover, the algorithm of assembly optimization provides a simulating model for experts to get the near optimal assembly sequence quickly. Finally, a real case was accomplished by following the algorithmic approach proposed in this research. The case saved 12 days while the original schedule was 14 days and 11.85% budget of MEP system.
參考文獻
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