摘要
在同物種雄性之間的打鬥常為競爭雌性或雌性生殖所需的資源，而決定打鬥勝負的因子為何，是行為生態的重要研究課題。台灣特有種斯文豪氏攀木蜥蜴(Japalura swinhonis)有明顯雌雄二型性，而雄性具領域性，個體之間常顯現展示與打鬥行為。本研究探討雄性斯文豪氏攀木蜥蜴的外觀型值、生理特性、侵略行為(aggressive behaviors)對其打鬥勝負與活動範圍食物資源密度的影響。我在2011年4~9月於室內進行野外個體配對打鬥，利用行為表量化個體的侵略性。結果發現：個體打鬥時的攻擊程度(aggression indices)可以預測其打鬥勝敗機率，其中以整體的侵略性分數高低(total aggression score)對勝負解釋力最佳，而吻肛長(SVL, snout-vent length)是唯一對整體的侵略性分數高低具有影響的體型因素。此外，我於台北植物園進行野外族群活動範圍研究。結果發現：雄性個體的活動範圍食物資源密度越大；而活動範圍的品質(單位面積的資源量)愈高，與其重疊的雄性與雌性個體則越少；而個體的尾長對於其活動範圍的品質則有最佳的解釋力。
並列摘要
The fightings between males of a species often involve competition for reproductive females or resources required for female reproduction. Factors contribute to the win vs. lose of a fight is an important topic in behavioral ecology. Taiwan’s endemic Swinhoe’s tree lizards (Japalura swinhonis) show strong sexual dimorphism. The males are territorial, and often display and fight between individuals. This study integrated indoor and field experiments to explore the influence of morphometric and immune characteristics, and aggressive behaviors of male Swinhoe's tree lizards on the outcome of fighting and home range quality. I conducted indoor dyadic encounter trials on wild-caught males in 2011 from April to September, and used an ethogram to quantify aggressiveness of individuals during fighting. The results showed that: the factors that influence win or lose are all aggression indices, among which the level of aggressiveness (total aggression score) was the best explanatory power on the outcome. Snout -vent length was the only morphometric characteristics that affect the level of aggressiveness. Furthermore, I conducted a home range study on a wild population in Taipei Botanical Garden. The results showed: while lower canopy coverage home ranges had more number of overlapping males and females. Tail length was the only male characteristics associated with the quality of home ranges.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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