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  • 學位論文

臭氧去除水中磺胺劑類及巨環素類抗生素

Removal of Sulfonamides and Macrolides by Ozonation

指導教授 : 林正芳
共同指導教授 : 康佩群 林郁真

摘要


抗生素已證實廣泛地存在於環境水體中。製藥廠、醫療機構、畜牧養殖業及生活污水為其的主要來源,其放流水僅藉著傳統生物處理程序處理,已無法有效去除。本研究利用臭氧去除抗生素中毒性及濃度較顯著的磺胺劑類(Sulfonamides)及巨環素類(Macrolides)。 單一抗生素(200 mg/L)及混合抗生素(個別40 mg/L)實驗結果,巨環素類的Tylosin和Erythromycin於混合實驗結果相較於單一實驗結果,去除率明顯降低。對於磺胺劑類而言,Sulfamethoxazole、Sulfadimethoxine、Sulfamethazine,在不同之反應時期下,有不同的降解速率趨勢。添加10X劑量(0.0961 mL , H2O2 30% by weight )將有效提升降解效率,對於混合抗生素中的Erythromycin而言,初始濃度40 mg/L,於9.6 min可達到90%的降解效率,相較於單獨使用臭氧需耗時20.5 min,則可縮短超過一半之時間。添加40X劑量(0.3848 mL, H2O2 30% by weight)則會造成反效果。 五種抗生素中,除了Erythromycin之外,其餘四種抗生素Sulfamethoxazole、Sulfadimethoxine、Sulfamethazine、Tylosin,皆在酸性(pH=3)條件中的降解效果較佳,中性(pH=7)次之,鹼性(pH=11)較差;Erythromycin部分,酸性(pH=3)條件下較差,鹼性(pH=11)和中性(pH=7)的降解效果較接近。臭氧處理低濃度(400 ug/L)混合抗生素,五種抗生素之降解速率比較與高濃度(40 mg/L)結果相似。另外,臭氧處理製藥廠放流水結果,反應10分鐘,各抗生素降解效率皆在97%以上。反應20分鐘,抗生素降解效率可達99.5%以上,效果相當顯著。磺胺甲基噁唑(Sulfamethoxazole, SMX)對於臭氧反應之中間產物實驗結果,較明顯的質量數(m/z ; amu)為99、271、284、318、318、352。

並列摘要


Nowadays, it have been already confirmed that antibiotics presence in various types of water environment. The main sources are pharmaceutical manufacturing, hospitals, dairy industry, fisheries and household sewage. The traditional biological treatment method of effluent has been unable to remove effectively. The removal of Sulfonamides and Macrolides with ozonation was conducted in this study. Tylosin and Erythromycin has lower removal rate in multiple system than single system. Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfadimethoxine and Sulfamethazine have diverse removal efficiency in different phase of treatment. The addition of ten times of H2O2 (0.0961 mL , H2O2 30% by weight ) is beneficial to raise removal efficiency. Since multiple system of Erythromycin is concerned 90% removal in 9.6 minutes of O3/10X H2O2 treatment;20.5 minutes of O3 treatment. pH variation in the range between 3, 7 and 11 had similar result (pH 3>pH 7>pH 11) on Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfadimethoxine, Sulfamethazine and Tylosin degradation. For Erythromycin, the result of removal (pH 11≧pH 7>pH 3) is different from the others. Removal efficiency of 5 target compounds in low concentration (400 ug/L) is similar to high concentration (40 mg/L). Therefore, the results for ozonation of pharmaceutical wastewater are excellent, the removal rate can achieve to 97% when react for 10 minutes and 99.5% of removal rate when react for 20 minutes . According to the LC/MS/MS, tentative determined intermediates of Sulfamethoxazole with mass equals to 99, 271, 284, 318 and 352 m/z.

並列關鍵字

Antibiotics Sulfonamides Macrolides Ozonation Intermediate

參考文獻


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