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  • 學位論文

十八世紀初中朝文人物品交流及其中國觀感:以金昌業《老稼齋燕行日記》為中心

Kim Chang-Op's Journey to Early Eighteenth-Century China: Gift and Joseon Korean's Image of Qing China.

指導教授 : 徐泓
共同指導教授 : 王鴻泰
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摘要


過去關於金昌業《老稼齋燕行日記》的過去論述,多是針對金昌業的出身來做探討,或以文學作品研究的角度為主,來談燕行日記的內容或寫作方式上的特色,及思想方面對北學派的影響。這其中即使有提到金昌業與清人之間的交流的敘述如何讓十八世紀後期使節得以做為典範,也均未觸及文人交流和物品交流方面的細節和代表意義。因此,本文將以1712年燕行使者金昌業的《老稼齋燕行錄》為研究的對象,論述金昌業的燕行紀錄,與清朝文人交流過程和交流的內容,特別是在交流間扮演著重要角色的各種物品。在此過程中,不僅可揭示出兩國文人對彼此國家事務的看法,更可進一步讓我們瞭解它們在雙方文人世界、社會文化上的作用與價值,進而形塑這些文人的價值體系與異國想像。 本論文主要論述的內容可分為三個部分。第一章的討論是,主要從觀察朝鮮和清朝之間的重大事件來了解1712年燕行的背景。透過前者的研究,可見燕行具有固定路線、限制私帶物品、更無法買或帶中國書籍及地圖等等限制。因為如此,本文更可關注金昌業究竟私帶了哪些物品及如何就此跟清朝人接觸的議題,並進一步討論了金昌業本身和他的家庭背景。第二章是從金昌業如何與清朝人交流的疑問開始,透過中國文集上關於朝鮮物品的敘述來理解中國人對這些物品的認知。接著討論這些朝鮮物品有哪些、金昌業如何使用那些物品與清人交流的問題。筆者從《老稼齋燕行日記》中擷取各種例子,來討論這些物品交流所產生的作用和它在中朝文化交流中的意義。第三章關注的在於朝鮮使節金昌業在中國所觀察到的人、物及山川相關的描述:金昌業在中國共146天行程中與接觸的清人交流後如何改變對其觀感;另外金昌業在中國觀察,購買的物品有哪些;以及金昌業離開固定路線而特別去參訪的地方有哪些。 金昌業從前者的燕行日記中想像中國,得到機會往北京的路程中見聞許多名地,他以中國親自見聞過的經驗,故而寫成《老稼齋燕行日記》。之後,金昌業的日記被朝鮮人讀過,因此十八世紀後期至十九世紀的燕行紀錄中,也隱隱然可發現從金昌業對中國的態度與觀感的影響力。即金昌業對中國仍保有開放的態度,讓他更多地方經驗寫成燕行日記,這本書逐漸改變了朝鮮人對中國的看法,也許清朝的先進文物等這些都引起了朝鮮人需要學習清朝的北學態度。

並列摘要


The research subject of this thesis is the Yeon-haeng(燕行)envoy Kim Chang Op(金昌業)'s "Nogajae Yeon-haeang diary(《老稼齋煙行日記》)" in 1712. It discusses Kim Chang Op's Yeon-haeng records, interaction process and content with literati of the Qing Dynasty, particularly various things which played an important role in interchange activities. During this process, they not only reveal literati's opinions of these two countries towards foreign affairs with each other, but also furthermore make us understand their effects and values on the literati circle and social culture of both sides, and then shape up the value system and exotic imaginations of these literati. The mainly-discussed content in this thesis can be divided into three sections. Chapter 1 discusses mainly about the background of the Yeon-haeng in 1712 through major incidents between Joseon and the Qing Dynasty. Chapter 2 begins with questions about how Kim Chang Op interchanged with people of the Qing Dynasty. Chapter 3 focuses on related descriptions about people, matters, landscape or scenery the Joseon envoy Kim Chang Op observed in China: how Kim Chang Op's interchange with people of the Qing Dynasty during his 146-day journey in China affected his opinions, and besides, what Kim Chang Op bought and observed in China, and what places Kim Chang Op specifically visited after he left his fixed route. Kim Chang Op imagined China through forerunners' Diary of Journey to China. He got the chance to see and hear in many famous places on his way to Beijing. He wrote the "Nogajae Yeon-haeang Diary" according to his seeing and hearing experiences in person in China. Afterwards, Kim Chang Op's diary was read by the Joseon people. Therefore, among those Yeon-haeng records from the late 18th century through the 19th century, influences of Kim Chang Op's attitudes and opinions towards China can also be indistinctly found. In other words, Kim Chang Op still maintained an open attitude towards China, which made him finish the Diary of Journey to China according to more regional experiences. This book gradually changed the opinions of the Joseon people towards China. Perhaps things like advanced cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty all gave rise to the attitude that the Joseon people had to learn from the north, the Qing Dynasty.

參考文獻


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