台灣國際流通業及全球運籌產業：垂直聯盟的誘因及障礙

Taiwan’s International Distribution/Logistics Industry: The Incentives and the Counterforces in Application of Vertical Alliance

黃焙瑩(Pei-Ying Huang)

指導教授 ： 趙義隆

國立臺灣大學/管理學院/國際企業學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.01451

摘要

策略聯盟，雖然是許多近代研究報告裡的研究主題，但是對複雜的相互聯繫的物流通路聯盟，其眾多影響因素及表現之關係研究,，並未有詳細的報導。國內現有研究報告裡，更是嚴重的缺乏流通學及策略聯盟兩者之間的研究。

本研究的目的將呈現和測試垂直聯盟在物流通路的框架。經由綜合當前的流通學理論、組織架構及想法，並以台灣的國際流通公司及全球運籌公司之發展策略、公司結構及目標，尋找出關鍵因素。因此，在建立垂直聯盟作為一種公司發展戰略的趨勢現象下，探討國際流通及全球運籌產業裡的刺激力量、影響因素及面臨的障礙和問題。另外，本研究利用產業深度訪問，提出及建議對於產業界所應有的方向及注意事物，以建立有效率的架構。

在一個全球性聯盟的流通運籌環境裡，於做出聯盟考量的決定間，推與拉是最重要的考慮因素。在這相關現象之中，經濟因素反應最高。更加具體地說，加入聯盟可享有經濟規模的特性，亦可長時間降低人工、營運、產品及作業的成本及支出；企業內部作業標準化，可增加更專業及有效率的服務、更可提升企業競爭力；整合供應鏈、協調物流業務、提供滿足客製化需求的供應鏈並帶領企業朝第四方物流業者發展；客戶國際化、跨國的企業合作、市場/產業全球化的力量推向企業使其組成聯盟；及政府為企業間的良性競爭及進步所提供金錢上的補助及專業上的諮詢為主要的影響因素之一。另一方面，在聯盟的創造期裡，所面臨的障礙包含：設備調度、資源分配、費用分攤、利潤分享、系統整合等的經營實行可行度及困難度；企業間的互相信任度、誠信度、信用度、信賴度；及公司與公司間缺乏溝通機制的困擾。

關鍵字

流通業 ； 垂直聯盟 ； 全球運籌 ； 運輸業者

並列摘要

Although strategic alliance has been the subject of significant research activity, empirical research that comprehensively portrays the complex interrelationships among multiple elements of logistics alliance, as well as their relationships with perceived performance, has been noticeably lacking.

The purpose of the current research, therefore, is to present and test a framework of vertical alliance between international distribution/logistics companies that synthesize current logistics thought with an established theory of organizational design that portrays performance as an outcome of appropriate alignment between strategy, structure, and processes. In addition, the research presents a test of measures used to portray logistics vertical alliance constructs to establish validity and facilitate possible use in future research.

Existing domestic literature, however, does not specifically explain the relationship between logistics and alliance, nor does it foster an understanding of the interactions among alliance and functional activities. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to present a theoretically-based framework that establishes alliance as a strategic level phenomenon and promotes a better understanding of the relationship between vertical alliance of logistics companies and traditional functional areas.

As results, in a global allied logistics environment, pull factors are the most important consideration during making alliance decision. Among of them, economic factors reflect the highest related phenomenon. More specifically, economies of scale and learning curve, subsidy from government, standardization of operational system and procedure, development of 4LP, and globalization are the forces that push and pull the formation of an alliance in the international distribution/global logistic industry. On the other hand, the counterforces consist of difficulty in practical realization, distrust between firms and absence of interaction, which are detailedly discussed in the sections.

並列關鍵字

Distribution ； Global Logistics ； Vertical Alliance ； Forwarder

參考文獻

Chen, W.C. (陳文卿) (2005). Strategic Alliance of Airfreight and Global Logistic Management of Enterprises (航空貨運策略聯盟與企業全球運籌之研究). National Taiwan University, Master Thesis, Taipei, Taiwan.

Chan, J. (2005), Competitive strategies and manufacturing logistics: An empirical study of Hong Kong manufacturers. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 35(1), 20-44.

Christopher, M. Logistics and Supply Chain Management: Strategies for Reducing Cost and Improving Service. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1998.

Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals. 2006. http://www.cscmp.org/

Department of Commerce in Ministry of Economic Affairs, R.O.C., 2003 e-Global Logistics Bulletin, December 2003.