使用鈦基填料真空硬銲鈦合金之研究

傳統上用以硬銲鈦合金之商用鈦基填料，以鈦、銅和鎳三元合金填料為主，相關研究也侷限於使用此三元填料之硬銲製程及結構分析。本研究選用鈦、鋯、銅和鎳四元合金系統，藉由鋯之添加產生之四元共晶效應，可有效降低硬銲工作溫度攝氏六十度以上，以減少母材晶粒粗化現象。實驗過程使用CP-Ti及Ti-15V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn兩種母材，搭配Ti-20Zr-20Cu-20Ni及Ti-37.5Zr-15Cu -10Ni兩種填料合金，經不同硬銲溫度及持溫時間，觀察銲道顯微組織演化過程並進行相鑑定。顯微組織觀察主要以電子微探分析儀(EPMA)完成，配合WDS分析技術對大尺寸析出物進行化學成份分析，精確的相鑑定以穿隧式電子顯微鏡(TEM)完成，利用擇區繞射圖形配合EDS成份分析確認不同結晶構造之析出物形貌及組成關係。實驗中發現Ti2Ni、Ti2Cu及(Ti,Zr)2Ni等介金屬，於不同硬銲參數時會以不同比例析出。CP-Ti(α-Ti)為母材時，銲道主要可分為三個區域：(1)連續(Ti,Zr)2Ni脆性介金屬相於銲道中央析出、(2)由高溫冷卻凝固過程中β-Ti共析反應析出α-Ti及不同介金屬相、(3)銲道邊緣針狀α-Ti成長區域。Ti-15V-3Cr- 3Al-3Sn(β-Ti)為母材時，銲道中央連續(Ti,Zr)2Ni介金屬相析出，此相和周圍母材間有平整界面，塊狀Ti2Cu、Ti2Ni主要分布於此界面附近，而母材中亦有不同介金屬相會於晶粒內部析出。

關鍵字

鈦基填料；鈦合金； TEM ；硬銲；介金屬化合物

並列摘要

The most popular Ti-based braze alloys in brazing Titanium alloys are Ti-Cu-Ni alloy systems. The brazing temperature of the Ti-Cu-Ni fillers is decreased by adding Zr into Ti-Cu-Ni alloy system. Lower brazing temperature, more than 60 ℃, leads to minor grain size coarsening of substrate and prevents its mecanical properties deterioration. Ti-20Zr-20Cu-20Ni and Ti-37.5Zr-15Cu-10Ni foils are used to braze CP-Ti and Ti-15V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn plates. Microstructural evolution and phase identification are assessed in the experiment. Specimens prepared with srandard metallographic procedure are examined using electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) equipped with the wavelength dispersive spectroscope for microstructural evolution observation and quantitative chemical analysis. TEM equipped with energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) is used for detailed phase identification. Intermetallics of Ti2Ni, Ti2Cu and (Ti,Zr)2Ni in different amounts are widely observed in specimens brazed with various thermal cycles. Three zones can be identified from the joint of CP-Ti, including continuous phase of (Ti,Zr)2Ni at the central area, eutectoid of α-Ti and intermetallics transformed from prior β-Ti, and acicular α-Ti. As for the joint of Ti-15V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn, continuous phase of (Ti,Zr)2Ni can also be found at the central area of the joint but with a rather smooth boundary between (Ti,Zr)2Ni and the substrate. Blocks of Ti2Cu and Ti2Ni are dispersed primarily near the boundary and numerous plate-shaped Ti2Cu particles precipitate in the substrate.

並列關鍵字

Ti-based fillers ； Ti alloys ； TEM ； Brazing ； Intermetallics

參考文獻

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使用鈦基填料真空硬銲鈦合金之研究

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