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  • 學位論文

裂隙岩體中隧道開挖引致滲透特性變化之研究

Research on permeability induced by tunnel excavation for fractured rocks

指導教授 : 黃燦輝
共同指導教授 : 王泰典(Tai-Tien Wang)

摘要


隧道工程中,水是影響成敗的重要因子。由於隧道開挖,容易受到水的影響而有變化,故本研究首先透過不同圍岩節理的探討,理解水平節理與正交節理於閉合剪脹模式下對岩體滲透性的影響。節理之相關參數中,內寬為主要水力參數因子且會受力學影響,故本研究利用水力-力學的耦合模組,對於岩覆隧道中前進面滲透係數變化問題進行討論。   水力耦合模組乃利用Oda等人提出之方法,其透過機率統計的方式產製裂隙密度並能夠決定出裂隙的組態,後續根據Barton等人所提出之關於JRC、JCS對於節理裂隙的影響估算式,於本研究之模擬岩體中展現出與現實較符合之水力耦合滲透張量。   本研究利用數值分析方法Abaqus模擬探求圍岩隧道開挖前後之力學特性,根據建入程式中之裂隙位態、間距與組數,利用水力耦合分析方法求得不同條件案例下之滲透係數,觀察裂隙、應力、滲流交互關係。本研究首先採二維模擬隧道開挖面,探求開挖前後應力變化過程及其對滲流所造成之影響,後續運用數值模擬探討含裂隙岩體之隧道,其開挖前進面滲透特性之變化。   藉由前述二維模擬隧道開挖面之成果,以三維方式嘗試找出隧道前進面應力變化,了解裂隙岩體造成應力與滲透係數的交互關係,其中岩體採彈性體之等值連續體模型,實務應用時能夠保守估計降低岩體強度;滲流導水係數則採異向性之水力耦合分析,期能表現出符合隧道開挖前後應力與滲透係數變化之現象。

並列摘要


In the tunnel engineering, the water is an important factor. Due to tunnel excavation, it is easily to influence from the water. In this study, we first understand the influence of horizontal joints and orthogonal joints on the permeability of rock mass under the closure and dilatation model through the discussion of different surrounding rock mass. In the parameters of the joint, the aperture is the main hydraulic parameter factor and it will be affected by the mechanical model. Therefore, this study uses the hydro-mechanical coupling model to discuss the change of the permeability coefficient of around tunnel.   The hydro-mechanical coupling model is according to Oda et al. proposing a probability statistic method to produce the fractures density to compute difficult investigations and to determine the orientations of the fractures. Then, Barton et al. proposing the influences of JRC and JCS on the aperture. The rock mass could be established with the reality of the more consistent the tensor of permeability.   In this study, it uses Abaqus to simulate the experiments results in field to obtain the stress properties about rock of around tunnel. According to orientations of fractures, spacing, sets, JRC and JCS in field, it uses hydro - mechanical coupling methods to obtain different conductivity of permeability and observe the interaction between fractures, stresses and permeability. Since the permeability analysis is hard to control, it simulates the excavation surface of tunnel in 2D and explores the process of stress and effect on permeability in the excavation surface. Simultaneously. Due to excavation, the change in stresses and the seepage flow of around tunnel. Furthermore, it will use Abaqus to simulate the influences process of tunnel stress from fractures and seepage.   According to above mentioned, it will find out stress in tunnel and understand the interaction between seepage and stress. The usage of homogeneous and isotropy in the rock model, we can get more conservative rock strength in reality. The usage of anisotropy and hydro-mechanical in conductivity of permeability. It can expect to perform the phenomenon of stress and coefficient of permeability after tunnel excavation.

參考文獻


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[5] 林宏奕(2002),“破裂岩體隧道開挖對滲透係數之影響—以雪山隧道為例”,國 立成功大學資源工程學研究所碩士論文,台北。
[6] 黃永鈴(2003),“規則節理岩體滲透模式之研究”,國立台灣大學土木工程學研究所碩士論文,台北。

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