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  • 學位論文

飛灰與底灰添加於透水鋪面材料之影響研究

Effect of bottom ash and fly ash addition on the permeable pavement materials

指導教授 : 駱尚廉
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摘要


透水鋪面是低衝擊開發技術中的綠色基盤設施,為都市提供了永續水資源的工程解決方案。本研究使用五種灰燼材料,分別為焚化爐飛灰、焚化爐底渣、燃煤飛灰、燃煤底灰和稻殼灰添加於透水性混凝土鋪面材料部分取代水泥原物料。本研究灰燼取代水泥添加於透水鋪面混凝土的取代量為體積比30 v/v%,水灰比(w/c)為0.21。分析灰燼材料和透水鋪面試體微結構分析,當中使用熱場發射電子顯微鏡、X-光粉末繞射儀、X-螢光光譜分析和傅立葉紅外光譜,也針對灰燼材料和透水鋪面試體進行金屬溶出濃度探討。另外也分析透水鋪面土木結構實驗,包含:抗壓強度、孔隙率、透水率。最後探討灰燼材料取代水泥原物料添加於透水鋪面混凝土之碳排放分析。 本研究結果顯示,除燒結過後的焚化爐飛灰,其餘灰燼材料均符合法規標準,可作為水泥替代材料使用。當中使用燃煤飛灰與燃煤底灰之單一灰燼取代添加於透水鋪面的抗壓強度高於控制組。此外,含有稻殼灰(550、700和900℃)、燃煤飛灰(室溫和1100℃)、燃煤底灰(室溫和1100℃)和焚化爐底渣(1100℃)的二種灰燼混和取代水泥原物料於透水鋪面試體抗壓強度顯示出協同效應,與其他單一取代灰燼稻殼灰(550℃,700℃和900℃)的透水鋪面試體90天試驗零期抗壓強度更高。本研究所有透水鋪面混凝土透水率介於在0.101至0.391公分/秒之間。灰燼材料與透水鋪面試體毒性特性溶出程序試驗檢測的金屬濃度都遠低於國內環保署法規標準。碳排放量結果顯示,與控制組相比,灰燼材料取代水泥原物料而製成每立公尺透水鋪面混凝土之總碳排放量可減少9.3%-21.68%。綜合以上,本研究結果顯示,燒結過後之焚化爐底渣、燃煤飛灰、燃煤底灰和稻殼灰適用於水泥替代材料。

並列摘要


Pervious concrete is a common green infrastructure material with a low-impact development technology that provides a water-sustainable engineering solution for urban cities. This study investigates an effective way to reuse municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) fly ash (FA), MSWI bottom ash (BA), coal fly ash (CFA), coal bottom ash (CBA), and rice husk ash (RHA) as partial replacements of ordinary Portland cement in pervious concrete. In experiments, single and binary replacement by these ash materials was conducted via cement material substitution in pervious concrete. The pervious concrete specimens contained 30% ash by volume and had a water-to-cement ratio of 0.21. The ash materials and pervious concrete specimens were characterized by field emission-scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The compressive strength, water permeability, and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP)-released metals were investigated to evaluate the pervious concrete quality. All pretreatment ash materials except MSWI FA met the standard requirements and can be applied as pozzolanic materials. The compressive strength of pervious concrete with single-ash partial replacement by CFA and CBA was higher than that of the control group. In addition, binary replacements containing RHA (550, 700, and 900 °C), CFA (RT and 1100 °C), CBA (RT and 1100 °C), and MSWI BA (1100 °C) showed a synergistic effect and exhibited a higher 90-day compressive strength than the other specimens with single and binary ash replacements containing RHA (550 and 900 °C). The water permeability ranged between 0.101 to 0.391 cm/sec, and the TCLP-released metal concentrations from all specimens satisfied the regulatory standards of Taiwan. The result of the carbon footprint showed that the replacement of ash materials reduced the total carbon footprint by 9.3% - 20.6% per m3 of pervious concrete compared to the control group. The results indicated that MSWI BA, CFA, CBA, and RHA replacement in cement materials yielded an acceptable compressive strength and water permeability.

參考文獻


參考文獻
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