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  • 學位論文

兩稅合一後稅額扣抵比率及股東結構對除權(息)日股價行為之影響

The Impact of Tax on Abnormal Return during Ex-dividend Days under the Imputation Tax Credit System

指導教授 : 李存修
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摘要


我國於民國 87 年起實施兩稅合一制度。本文目的主要在探討在現行稅制下,稅負因素是否會影響投資人於除權(息)前後之投資行為。本文以 2002~2007 年之上市公司股票為樣本,先觀察除權(息)後之超額報酬現象後,取除權(息)前二日及除權(息)後二日之累計超額報酬為應變數,稅額扣抵比率、自然人持股比例、 股利殖利率和產業別為自變數探討這些因素對投資人行為之影響。其研究結果如下: 1. 稅額扣抵比率、股利殖利率和除權(息)前超額報酬多呈顯著正相關,和除權(息)後超額報酬多呈顯著負相關。 2. 自然人持股比例、電子產業變數和除權(息)前超額報酬多呈顯著負相關,和除權(息)後超額報酬多呈顯著正相關。 表示一般投資人的確會在除權(息)前對租稅負擔較重者進行棄權,而買進可獲取較高租稅利益者;且股利殖利率於除權息前為正顯著,代表偏好高股利所得以及可享有退稅者之買方力道大於因高股利需補繳更多稅額之賣方力道。 另外,本文發現除權(息)前三日之負超額報酬和除權(息)前二日至後一日之正超額報酬呈顯著負相關,推論有股利免稅之法人於棄權後股價相對便宜時進場,並且自然人持股越高及稅額扣抵比率越低者,此策略之正報酬越顯著。再以同樣策略檢驗自然人後發現,針對扣抵比率低於 25%公司,無論何種邊際稅率投資人皆可 獲取正超額報酬;扣抵比率高於 25%公司,則僅邊際稅率低於 6%者可獲取超額報酬。接著本文再觀察時下新興之「高股息基金」發現,該類基金明顯在除權(息)旺季(第三季)不論是帄均報酬及 Jensen‘s α、Sharpe、Treynor 皆遠優於同類股票型基金,顯示高股息基金可能利用參與高股息公司之除權息替投資人賺取超額利 潤。

並列摘要


In Taiwan, imputation tax credit system has been implemented since January 1st, 1998. We want to investigate the effect on investor‘s behavior resulted from tax consideration before and after ex-dividend day. The sample is selected from firms listed in the Taiwan Stock Exchange from 2002 to 2007. The empirical results are summarized as follows: 1. Imputation tax credit ratios and dividend yield have a positive impact on abnormal return before ex-dividend day and a negative impact after ex-dividend day. 2. The ratio of shares owned by natural person and dummy variable of electronics industry have a negative impact on abnormal return before ex-dividend day and a positive impact after ex-dividend day. In addition, we find that there is a significant negative correlation between AR(-3) and CAR(-2,1). We claim that due to institutional investors have tax-free dividends, they may buy the stock sold by individual investors who don‘t want to pay dividend tax. We also find that with higher ratio of shares owned by natural person and imputation tax credit ratios, higher return is earned. Furthermore, we test if individual investors use the same strategy to catch abnormal return. We find that all individual investors can earn abnormal return from the stock whose imputation tax credit ratio is below 25%, but only the investors whose margin tax rate is below 6% can earn abnormal return from the stock whose imputation tax credit ratio is above 25%. And we also find that "High dividend fund" can earn abnormal return during ex-dividend season.

參考文獻


17. 經濟部投資業務處(2006),「促進產業升級條例」。
9. 林世銘、陳國泰、張鼎聲(2002) ,「兩稅合一後除權除息之租稅規避行為」,當代會計,第四卷第二期,頁 119-142。
2. 李存修(1994),「股票股利除權交易日之稅後超額報酬與比價心理假說之實證」,台大管理論叢,第二卷第一期,頁 41-60。
16. 黃郁婷(2007),「兩稅合一之實施對股東結構及投資行為之影響」,國立台灣大學財務金融學研究所未出版之未出版碩士論文。
1. Brown, P. and A. Clarke, 1993, “The Ex-dividend Day Behaviour of Australian Share Prices Before and After Dividend Imputation.” Australian Journal of Management 18, 1, June, 1-40.

被引用紀錄


朱德仁(2010)。企業危機事件與股價變化關係之研究〔碩士論文,淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6846%2fTKU.2010.01377
李育齡(2017)。兩稅合一可扣抵稅額與補充健保門檻對除權(息)日股價行為之影響〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU201702665
池瀟鴻(2015)。兩岸股票除權(息)交易日之稅後超額報酬與比價心理假說之實證〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU.2015.02216
周冠宏(2014)。兩岸股票股利與股價關聯性之研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU.2014.00957
黃德基(2016)。台灣股票市場填息情形與股利所得稅關係探討〔碩士論文,國立清華大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0016-0901201710392350

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