柴油車排氣中戴奧辛控制技術與焚化爐產生戴奧辛的人體暴露之研究

Treatment Effectiveness of Dioxin Emission from Diesel Engine and Human Exposure from Exhaust of Incinerator

黃揮原(Hui-Yan Huang)

指導教授 ： 林宜長

共同指導教授 ： 宋鴻樟 ； 馬一中 ； 郭春寶(Chun-Pao Kuo)

國立臺灣大學/公共衛生學院/環境衛生研究所/博士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.02158

摘要

本研究有兩個主要目的，其一探討柴油引摰產生戴奧辛之相關因子；其二利用二手資料分析焚化爐鄰近社區居民之戴奧辛負載和空氣中的戴奧辛濃度是否有關。
前者先文獻研究柴油有機氯化物含量和戴奧辛產生之相關性，視碳粒子和燃燒完全狀況而異。本計畫也在檢驗油品的影響，利用T1和T2兩種品牌的柴油進行系列的裂解比較研究。油品T1產生的黑煙比中，低濃度黑煙含有較高量的戴奧辛，油品T2則未必，不同裂解條件試驗顯示，戴奧辛的產生卻和引摰轉速和CO含量有關。
在另一項研究，我們綜合了環保署資助調查的19座垃圾焚化爐附近居民血液中戴奧辛含量加以分析。根據擴散模式採樣顯現的空氣中含量，確實是A區下風的平均最高，兩側B及C區的居間，D區背景值最低。但居民的血中戴奧辛則無此相關，反而是和年齡有關，平均值由18-25歲的13.3 pg WHO-TEQ/g脂，增加到56-65歲23.5 pg WHO-TEQ/g脂，此現象顯示，人體的戴奧辛和其他來源關係較大。

關鍵字

柴油有機氯化物 ； 戴奧辛 ； 柴油引摰

並列摘要

This dissertation work was conducted with two main objectives. One was to investigate factors associated with the dioxin discharge from diesel engines, and the other was using second hand data to measure whether the dioxin burden among community residents living near the municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) associated with the ambient concentration of dioxin from the MWIs.

For the first study, we discussed the association between the contents of organic chloro compounds in the diesel fuel and the amount of dioxin produced. The concentration of dioxin generated from diesel engine was affected by the size of carbon granule and the completion of combustion. A serried experiments were conducted using diesel fuel brands T1 and T2 for the comparison. The average 2 dioxin concentration was higher in the dark smoke than that in the moderate and light smokes when the test was conducted for T1 samples, but not T2 samples. Experiments were also conducted to test the effects of various conditions. The dioxin levels increased as RM and CO increased.

In the other study, we used meta-analysis to sumarize the data obtained from the Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan for the 19 MWIs surveyed in 1999-2003 based on the atmospheric dispersion model. The mean levels of PCDD/FS were the highest in zones A (downwind areas), followed by zones B and C (the side areas) and the least in zones D (background areas). However, there were no distinct differences for mean serum dioxin levels in the blood samples among zones. On the other hand, the age-specific average serum dioxin concentration increased from 13.3 pg WHO-TEQ/g lipid among 18-25 years old subjects to 23.5 pg WHO-TEQ/g lipid among 56-65 years old subjects. The findings suggest that the serum dioxin levels are associated with other sources.

並列關鍵字

organic chloro compounds in the diesel fuel ； dioxin ； diesel engine

參考文獻

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