農民對契作模式之偏好分析

Farmers’ Preferences on Contract Farming

王偉丞(Wei-Cheng Wang)

指導教授 ： 陳郁蕙

共同指導教授 ： 孫立群(Lih-Chyun Sun)

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/農業經濟學研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201601316

摘要

農業生產容易受到氣候因素影響，使得農產品的產量及價格也隨之波動，農民也需同時面對生產及市場上的風險，產銷失衡的情況也時有所聞。在國際上有許多以小農經營為主的國家，多採取契作產銷的方式使農業的生產較有規劃，不但可作為避免產銷失衡的方案之一，亦可減緩農民所面對的市場風險。目前我國也在積極推行契作產銷，不過農民與廠商大多採取口頭約定，因此在契約的履行上經常發生違約情形，造成契作產銷雙方的困擾。
過去契作產銷的相關文獻大多探討契作如何影響農民的收入、參與動機等，而較少了解農民對契作的需求，因此本研究將以問卷調查方式，並採用選擇模型來探討農民對於參與契作產銷的意向與偏好。
研究結果顯示，受訪者對於正式書面文件、契作買方提供種苗、種子、資材等投入要素具有顯著的正面偏好，而對作物收購條件為區分特定品質或等級具有顯著的負面偏好，並且對於政府相關單位協助糾紛排解具正面偏好，建議政府可協助設立具公信力的糾紛調解委員會以調解契作雙方之契約關係。

關鍵字

契約耕作 ； 選擇模型 ； 契約屬性 ； 偏好

並列摘要

Agricultural production is vulnerable to climate factors, thus the yield and crop prices are also fluctuating. Farmers need to face the risk in the production and in the market simultaneously, causing the imbalance between production and marketing.
There are many countries which are operating mainly in small farms planned their agricultural production by taking contract framing, which is not only be used to avoid the imbalance between production and marketing, but also reduce farmers’ market risk.
At present, Taiwan is also actively promoting contract farming. However, most of farmers and manufacturers are taking an oral agreement. Thus the cases of breaching contract are often occurred, causing problems in both sides of the contractual.
Most of the previous literatures of contract farming were merely to discuss how it affects the income of farmers and the motivation to participate, but rarely focus on understanding the needs of farmers. Thus this study will collect the farmers’ intention and preferences to participate in contract farming by questionnaires, and discuss the factors that influencing farmers to participate the contract farming by using the choice model.
The results showed that the respondents have significant positive preference on formal written document, buyer are providing seedlings, seeds, materials and other input factors. While crops acquisition conditions distinguish a particular quality or grade has a significant negative preferences. Furthermore, the relevant government units resolve disputes assist has a positive preference. We suggest that the government can assist in setting up a credible dispute mediation committee to mediate both sides of the contractual relationship.

並列關鍵字

Contract Farming ； Choice Model ； Contract Attributes ； Preferences

參考文獻

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