摘要 本試驗於臺大溪頭苗圃進行,以紅檜(Chamaecyparis formosensis)及台灣扁柏(Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana)作為試驗的樹種,以了解不同光量及不同養分處理下對兩樹種苗木生長及生理特性的影響,養分處理分為N60、N120、N180及N240四個分級,光度處理有L100、L50及L10三個分級,試驗期間從2004年9月持續到2006年6月。 結果顯示紅檜苗木在所有光度及養分組合處理下高生長皆比台灣扁柏為佳,尤其是在L50N240處理最為明顯。在苗徑方面,兩樹種皆在光度間有顯著差異,且隨著光量的提高而增加,其中以L100N240處理有最大值。在生物量方面,兩樹種也隨著光量提高而增加,養分處理只對紅檜有顯著效應,而台灣扁柏則無顯著效應。紅檜及台灣扁柏之葉綠素與氮濃度在L10光度處理者明顯的比L100及L50光度處理為高,養分處理間只有紅檜有顯著差異,台灣扁柏則無。在光合作用的表現,紅檜及台灣扁柏的光量子效益在光度處理間皆有顯著差異,隨著光量提高而增加,推測與氣孔導度隨馴化光量增加而增加有關。暗呼吸隨著光量提高而增加。光補償點在紅檜為隨著光量提高而增加,而台灣扁柏在光度處理間無顯著差異。兩樹種之最大光合速率在L10光度處理下皆最低。在螢光參數方面,暗適應下紅檜及台灣扁柏之Fv/Fm皆隨著光量提高而降低,光適應下紅檜及台灣扁柏之qP及NPQ皆隨著光量提高而增加,顯示出在較高光環境下生長之苗木,對於高光環境較能夠適應。Fv/Fm、qP及NPQ在養分處理則皆無顯著效應。就所得結果,光度處理對生長及生理性狀的影響較養分處理為著,且在較高光下生長之苗木較能夠適應於高光環境。在兩樹種間,紅檜在所有處理中,生長表現及生物量累積皆優於台灣扁柏。
Abstract This study investigated growth and physiological performance of Taiwan red cypress (Chamaecyparis formosensis) and Taiwan yellow cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana) in response to different light and nutrient treatments in Chi-Tou forest nursery. The seedlings were treated with 4 levels of nitrogen, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg/ha and grown in 3 levels of light intensities, 100%, 50%, and 10% of full sunlight. The experiment was conducted from September 2004 to June 2006. Height growth of seedlings of Taiwan red cypress was significantly greater than those of Taiwan yellow cypress in all combinations of light and nutrient treatments, especially in 50%N240. The diameter growth of both species differed significantly among light treatments. The increasment of diameter growth was increased with light intensity, with the largest diameter occurring in 100%N240. The biomass of both species also increased with light intensity. Nutrient levels significantly affected the biomass of Taiwan red cypress but not that of Taiwan yellow cypress. Foliar chlorophyll and N concentrations of both species were significantly higher in 10% of natural light than in higher light intensities. Nutrient levels significantly affected foliar of Taiwan red cypress but not that of Taiwan yellow cypress. The quantum yield of both species increased significantly with light intensity. The higher quantum yield could be related to the acclimated increased of stomatal conductance in higher light intensity. Dark respiration increased with light intensity. Higher light intensity significantly increased light compensation point of Taiwan red cypress but not that of Taiwan yellow cypress. The maximal assimilation rate of both species was lowest in 10% of natural light. Fv/Fm in both species decreased with increasing light intensity. qP and NPQ in both species increased with light intensity. The results suggested that both species grown under 100% of natural light had better adaptation to high light environment. Overall, the effect of the variation of light intensity on growth and physiological performance was significant than that of nutrient levels. None of the above chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, Fv/Fm, qP and NPQ, was affected by nutrient treatments. Compared to nutrient treatments, light treatments had significant effect on growth and physiology of seedlings. The growth performance and biomass accumulation were better in Taiwan red cypress than those of Taiwan yellow cypress.
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