台灣青年非典型工作者的新興就業方式：飛特族(Freeters)與SOHO族之比較探討

Emerging Type of Work of the Atypical Young Workers in Taiwan: A Comparison of Freeters and SOHO

鄭凱文(Kai-Wen Chang)

指導教授 ： 李碧涵

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/國家發展研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2010.02960

摘要

受到全球化的影響，勞動市場彈性化和非典型就業的趨勢增加，過去十年間，在大部分的OECD國家裡，青年從事部分工時或臨時性工作的比例逐漸成長。近年來，台灣的部分工時就業占總就業之比例亦逐漸增加，雖然相較於其他國家仍偏低，但非典型就業增加的趨勢已不容忽視。許多台灣青年靠著臨時性或部分工時工作維生，也就是所謂的「飛特族」(Freeters)，可見這樣的工作型態已是青年進入勞動市場的一種方式。此外，伴隨著網路科技的發展趨勢，廣受討論的SOHO族(Small Office, Home Office)人口漸增，亦顯示非典型工作已成為青年就業的另一種選擇。

本研究採用深度訪談法，針對20位20-30歲的大專以上畢業青年，目前是飛特族與SOHO族的非典型工作者進行研究。奠基在失業率升高和非典型就業增加的背景下，本研究關注2008年的全球金融危機，對同屬青年非典型工作者的飛特族與SOHO族有何影響，主要的研究目的如下：一、了解台灣青年飛特族與SOHO族的工作現況、就業歷程與未來發展；二、了解台灣青年飛特族與SOHO族所具備的個人條件與人格特質；三、探討台灣青年成為飛特族與SOHO族的主要因素，以及尋找工作機會的主要管道為何；四、探討兩者之異同和優、劣勢為何。最後，本研究亦針對研究發現進行討論，並在政策與後續研究方面提出相關建議。

關鍵字

青年就業 ； 非典型就業 ； 飛特族 ； SOHO族 ； 全球金融危機

並列摘要

The labor market has been changed toward more flexible and atypical by the impact of globalization. In most OECD countries, the share of employed youth who are working part-time or in temporary jobs grew during the past decade. In recent years, the share of part-time in total employment has been rising gradually in Taiwan. Although it is still low compared with other countries, the trend of rising atypical employment should not be ignored. In Taiwan, many youths are so-called “Freeters”, who live on temporary or part-time jobs. We can see that such type of work may be one way for the youth to enter the labor market. Besides, with the trend of internet technology, SOHO(Small Office, Home Office), which is frequently discussed, also indicates that atypical work has become another choice of youth employment.

Depth interviews were used for data collection. The participants include 20 college graduated youths, aged 20-30, who are freeters and SOHO at present. Based on the context of rising unemployment and atypical employment, this research focuses on the impact on atypical workers such as freeters and SOHO with the 2008 global financial crisis. The purpose of this research is to probe into four aspects of freeters and SOHO in Taiwan: (1) the present situation, employment trajectory and future development; (2) their employability and personal characteristics; (3) the reasons of being freeters and SOHO, and the channels of seeking work opportunities; (4) the different and common points, strengths and weaknesses of both. In conclusion, recommendations for policy makers and the following research are also discussed and presented.

並列關鍵字

Youth employment ； Atypical employment ； Freeters ； SOHO ； Global financial crisis

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