高溫下番茄屬植物淹水之生理反應

he Physiological Responses of Lycopersicon Species upon Flooding in High Temperature

唐順元(Shun-Yuan Tang)

指導教授 ： 曹幸之

共同指導教授 ： 羅筱鳳(Hsiao-Feng Lo)

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/園藝學研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.10498

摘要

本研究探討淹水逆境對番茄屬之生長與生理影響，分為兩部分：試驗一「番茄對淹水處理之生理反應」，試驗材料為番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)栽培品種’台南亞蔬6號’ (‘ASVEG #6’)、野生小果番茄L4422 (L. pimpinellifolium Mill.)、多毛番茄L3683 (L. hirsutum Humb & Bongl)及秘魯番茄L1947 (L. peruvianum Mill.)，播種後60天植株淹水0、12、24、48及120 小時，分析根部之抗氧化酵素ascorbate peroxidase (APX)活性及抗氧化物ascorbate (ASA)、α-tocopherol (Vit E)含量。結果顯示L1947株型最小，淹水時間對四種材料根部α-tocopherol含量的影響，在L4422呈增加，L1947呈減少，’ASVEG #6’和L3683則無影響。L1947淹水48小時APX活性升高，淹水120小時總ASA含量有差異，L3683高於L1947。試驗二「番茄種原對淹水處理之生理反應」，以秘魯番茄(L. peruvianum) 9品系、智利番茄(L. chilense) 6品系、多毛番茄(L. hirsutum) 16品系、野生小果番茄(L. pimpinellifolium) 7品系及櫻桃番茄(L. esculentum var. cerasiforme) 16品系等共54個種原為試驗材料，以番茄’台南亞蔬六號’ (‘ASVEG #6’)為對照，30天齡苗於38 ℃淹水0與48小時，3重複，調查生長性狀，測定葉綠素計讀值、葉綠素螢光、氣孔導度、ADH與LDH活性。結果顯示智利番茄L6049與L6048、毛番茄L6123在48小時淹水處理後氣孔導度增加，L0144減少， L6134最小；48小時淹水處理後L6048之Fv/Fm值下降，L6049及L6123則無改變，秘魯番茄L6138及野生小果番茄L6229之Fv/Fm值均大於0.83，智利番茄L6048之Fv/Fm值雖然在48小時淹水處理後下降，氣孔導度則增加。48小時淹水處理後櫻桃番茄L0172之總抗壞血酸含量為上升，L6081及L6137為最大；48小時淹水處理後毛番茄L6134之抗壞血酸過氧化酵素(APX)活性升高，櫻桃番茄L0172最大；48小時淹水處理後櫻桃番茄L0172酒精脫氫酵素(ADH)活性升高，亦為最大；48小時淹水處理後櫻桃番茄L2159之乳酸脫清酵素(LDH)升高，L6137則為最大。因此，秘魯番茄L1947具有APX活性及α-tocopherol含量之優勢，毛番茄L3683則具有ASA優勢；櫻桃番茄L0172具有總ASA含量、ADH活性及APX活性之優勢，智利番茄L6049與L6048、毛番茄L6123在氣孔導度具有優勢，秘魯番茄L6138及野生小果番茄L6229之Fv/Fm值具有優勢，多數番茄苗Fv/Fm值在48小時淹水後並未降低亦未低於0.8，與成株進行淹水試驗之結果並不相同，可能的原因是苗期試驗在生長箱內進行，光照強度低於夏天在室外日照且高溫環境下進行淹水試驗，因為苗期試驗所致。

關鍵字

番茄 ； 淹水 ； 酒精脫氫酵素 ； 乳酸脫氫酵素 ； 抗氧化酵素

並列摘要

This research was to explore the effect of flooding stress on the growth and physiologial status of Lycopersicon species. Experiment I studied the physiological responses of Lycopersicon species under flooding stress. Sixty-day plants of ‘ASVEG #6’ (L. esculentum Mill.), L4422 (L. pimpinellifolium Mill.), L3683 (L. hirsutum Humb & Bongl) and L1947 (L. peruvianum Mill) were used as experimental materials. The roots of antioxidative enzyme activity and antioxidant content were analyzed after flooding for 0、12、24、48 and 120 hours. The results showed that L. peruvianum Mill had the lowest biomass. The α-tocopherol contents in root were increased in L4422, decreased in L1947, while no difference in ‘ASVEG #6’ and L3683. The APX activity was enhanced at 48 h of flooding and decreased at 120 h. No difference existed at 120 h of flooding in total ASA content. There were also no significant differences in reduced ASA among flooding times and among plants. Experiment II studied the physiological responses of Lycopersicon species under flooding. Thirty-day seedlings of 9 lines of L. peruvianum, 6 lines of L.chilense, 7 lines L. pimpinellifolium, 16 lines of L. esculentum var. cerasiforme, 16 lines of L. hirsutum and 'ASVEG #6' as control were used as experimental materials. The antioxidative enzyme activity, growth characteristics, physiologial status and antioxidants content of roots were analyzed after flooding for 48 hours. The results showed that the stomatal conductance increased in L6229 and L6048 (L. pimpinellifolium), L6049 (L. chilense), L0994, L0669 and L0143 (L. esculentum var. cerasiforme), L4379 and L6123 (L. hirsutum) and ’ASVEG #6’ at 48 h of flooding, while Fv/Fm did not decrease. Fv/Fm of L6141 (L. peruvianum) and L6054 (L. chilense) decreased, but stomatal conductance did not decrease.

並列關鍵字

Tomato ； Flooding ； Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) ； Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ； Antioxidases

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