反應量測為主之結構動態特性識別與損傷檢驗

結構健康監測，在近年的發展迅速，尤其是在結構輸出為主的數據監測模式下之系統識別和損傷檢測方法，所以本研究的目的在於運用實驗測得的結構物反應訊號，包含加速度計、陀螺儀所測得角速度和應變計，經過適當的數值分析方法及訊號處理工具，識別出結構動態性質，並了解結構物在不同事件過後損傷的發生和判定損傷的位置，也就是達成結構健康檢測(Structural Health Monitoring，SHM)之宗旨。而現今實地結構物在外力作用下之層間位移，受限於設備的安裝困難及絕對座標基礎點難以選擇等問題，無法有效利用位移計測得層間位移且加速度積分方法還需修正相關之研究，故本論文亦提出以角速度和加速度數據來有效評估出層間位移，讓陀螺儀在健康檢測與損傷識別的使用上成為另一種選擇。因此為達成健康檢測與損傷識別的目標，本文透過實驗測量所得之反應數據，使用各種類之訊號處理及系統識別方法，包括:(1)協方差隨機子空間試別(SSI-COV)(2)多變量自回歸模型法(MVAR)(3)頻域反應函數(FRF)(4)奇異頻譜分析(SSA)(5)二維盲訊號識別(SOBI)(6)連續小波包轉換(CWT)和(7)主要奇異值分析。運用這些方法的組合運用在三層樓鋼構架中的加速度訊號、應變計訊號和角速度訊號，分別討論不同訊號及不同方法識別出來的結果。本文有助於比較不同系統識別之數據分析方法在結構反應輸出下，其損傷檢測之效果。另一方面，更有助於未來發展微電機陀螺儀在結構健康檢測運用上的相關技術，呈現出其可靠度和穩定性，並簡化結構健康檢測之硬體設置，以最經濟的方式獲得傳統硬體可得之結構資訊。

關鍵字

結構健康監測；系統識別；協方差隨機子空間試別；多變量自回歸模型法；連續小波包轉換；微電機陀螺儀；角速度訊號分析

並列摘要

Development of structural health monitoring in civil engineering, including system identification and damage detection on structure system, is popped up in recent decades. Due to the emerging sensing technology many structural monitoring data can be obtained. In this thesis researches will focus on using out-put only data analysis to extract features from structural responses. Data collected in this study will include measurement from acceleration, angular velocity and strain data. Based on the stochastic subspace identification algorithm (SSI), multivariate AR model the dynamic characteristics of the study structures can be identified. Damage detection algorithms, including migration of AR coefficients, ....., are also developed for damage localization. Besides, in this study data collected from Gyroscope is also used for system identification and damage detection. Methodology on the estimation of floor permanent deformation using angular velocity and blind source separation technique is also developed. Verification of the proposed methods by using the shaking table test of two 3-story steel structures subjected to a series of white noise excitation back to back after each earthquake excitation

並列關鍵字

structural health monitoring (SHM) ； covariance-driven stochastic subspace identification (SSI-COV) ； multivariate autoregressive model (MVAR) ； continuous wavelet transform (CWT) ； singular spectrum analysis (SSA) ； angular velocity analysis ； microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscopes

參考文獻

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[59] 毛建閎, "非線性系統識別方法於結構健康監測之應用: 非線性指標的探討," 2009.

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[1] A. Deraemaeker and K. Worden, "New trends in vibration based structural health monitoring," vol. 520, 2012.

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反應量測為主之結構動態特性識別與損傷檢驗

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