鋼筋混凝土開孔牆剪壞之倒塌實驗研究

Experimental Study on Collapse Displacement of Reinforced Concrete Wall with Opening Subjected to Shear Failure

賴冠宇(Kuan-Yu Lai)

指導教授 ： 黃世建

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202002115

摘要

鋼筋混凝土牆具有極高之側力勁度與強度，於地震力作用下可有效控制結構物之側向位移，有利於避免其它豎向構材之破壞，而為結構抗倒塌破壞之關鍵構材，故了解鋼筋混凝土牆之破壞與倒塌行為極為重要。然而，為了滿足日常使用性，住宅建築之鋼筋混凝土牆常具有門型或窗型開孔。
鑒於目前國內外對於開孔鋼筋混凝土牆破壞與倒塌行為之相關試驗資訊較少，本研究設計八座開窗型式之鋼筋混凝土開孔牆，改變參數為試體之開孔尺寸、開孔形狀及軸壓比，於國家地震工程研究中心進行鋼筋混凝土開孔牆之剪壞與倒塌行為試驗。實驗配置為雙曲率，以觀察開孔牆於不同參數下之倒塌行為。
本文執行8片開孔鋼筋混凝土牆實驗，針對不同開孔率對強度之預測、不同開孔型式之強度行為以及補強筋使用之差異作進一步探討；並以關鍵剪力元素之外部量測結果與分析模型進行驗證。除了報告實驗觀察外，本文將實驗量測之剪力強度與ACI 318-19 (2019)、AIJ (2018) 規範之預測值作比較，並建議適用之壓拉桿模型預測方法。

關鍵字

鋼筋混凝土 ； 開孔剪力牆 ； 剪力破壞 ； 倒塌行為 ； 側力位移關係

並列摘要

Reinforced concrete walls have high lateral stiffness and strength, which can control the lateral drift of building and prevent the other vertical members from lateral failure. Understanding the behavior of reinforced concrete wall is necessary, beacuse it is the key member to resist collapse failure of a structure. However, due to serviceability requirement, there are lots of door-opened or window-opened walls in the residential buildings.
Because of the limited experimental data on the collapse test of wall with opening, this study tested eight reinforced concrete walls with window-opening. The varied parameters includes opening sizes, opening shapes, and axial load ratio. These tests were held at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering. All of the specimens were tested under double curvature bending to experience shear failure and up to collapse.
In this study, eight pieces of reinforced concrete wall with window opening were carried out to investigate the effects of different opening rates, opening shapes, and strengthening reinforcement. Furthermore, the assumptions of analytical model were compared with optical measurement. Besides experimental observation, the comparison between the measured strength and the predicted values of ACI 318-19 (2019) and AIJ (2018) are reported. Additionally, this study proposes the Softened Strut-and-Tie Model to predict the behavior of reinforced concrete walls with opening.

並列關鍵字

reinforced concrete ； shear wall with opening ； shear failure ； collapse behavior ； lateral load-displacement curve

參考文獻

參考文獻

ACI Committee 318 (2014). “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14).” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 519 pp.

ACI Committee 318 (2019). “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-19) and Commentary (ACI 318R-19).” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 623 pp.

ACI 374.2R-13 (2013). “Guide for Testing Reinforced Concrete Structural Elements under Slowly Applied Simulated Seismic Loads.” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 22 pp.

ASCE (2014). “Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings (41-13).” American Society of Civil Engineers, ASCE/SEI 41-13, Reston, VA., 518 pp.