- 學位論文
圓極化可切換微帶天線陣列
Circular Polarization Switchable Microstrip Antenna Array
摘要
隨著無線通訊技術的快速發展，人們對於天線的需求是越來越大。有時當我們需要對特定方向集中能量或著是需要較遠的傳輸距離，指向性天線對我們就能有很大的幫助。指向性天線是一種能夠集中能量對準特定方向的天線，由於指向性天線的集中能量，使它擁有較高的增益，也使天線傳輸的距離增加許多。想要達到輻射場型指向性的效果，除了八木天線外，現今的主流多使用陣列天線來達到此目標。所謂陣列天線是由許多相同的單個天線按照一定的規律排列組成的天線系統。每個天線依照天線饋入電流，間距等不同參數產生天線間輻射的破壞性干涉和建設性干涉，天線間輻射的建設性干涉產生筆形波束(pencil beam)，而因為筆形波束的產生，造就了天線有高增益、高指向性的特點。而在生活中，由於每個天線的極化方向都不一定相同，因此容易造成發射天線與接收天線之間的極化損失。本論文提出兩種圓極化可切換陣列天線，此兩種方式皆是以最基本的貼片陣列天線(patch array antenna)為基礎。 第一種設計為平面極化可切換2×2陣列天線，此天線藉由控制天線上PIN diode的狀態進行線性極化與圓極化之間的切換。第二種設計是以不改變傳統矩形陣列天線結構及傳輸線的情況下，加上寄生元件以達到極化切換的效果，此點為本論文與其他文獻相比的一大優勢。此兩種設計也都非常適合應用在現代的通信系統當中。
並列摘要
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, people's demand for antennas is increasing. Sometimes when we need to concentrate energy in a specific direction or need a longer transmission distance, directional antennas can be of great help to us. A directional antenna is an antenna that can concentrate energy in a specific direction. Due to the concentrated energy of a directional antenna, it has a higher gain and also increases the transmission distance of the antenna. In order to achieve the effect of a directional radiation pattern, in addition to the Yagi antenna, the mainstream nowadays mostly uses an array antenna to achieve this goal. The so-called array antenna is an antenna system composed of many identical single antennas arranged according to a certain rule. Each antenna produces destructive interference and constructive interference of radiation between antennas according to different parameters such as the current fed to the antenna and the spacing. The constructive interference of radiation between antennas produces a pencil beam, and because of the generation of the pencil beam, The antenna has the characteristics of high gain and high directivity. In the practical situation, since the polarization direction of each antenna is not necessarily the same, it is possible to cause polarization loss between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna. In this thesis, two circular polarization switchable array antennas are proposed. Both of these methods are based on the most basic patch array antenna. The first design is a planar polarization switchable 2×2 antenna array, whose polarization can be switched between linear polarization and circular polarization by configuring a short-circuit pin on the patch antenna. The second design can change its polarization by just adding a parasitic layer without modifing the main structure of the patch array and the transmission line. Which is a major advantage of the proposed design compared with other references. Both of these two designs are very suitable for morden communication systems.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
- Li, K. P. (2012). 應用於圓極化微帶天線之環形天線陣列設計 [master's thesis, Chung Yuan Christian University]. Airiti Library. https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201200712
- 張智堯（2011）。利用共平面波導正反面植入微擾環產生圓形極化天線〔碩士論文，大同大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0081-3001201315111718
- Huang, J. W. (2005). 圓形極化反射陣列天線 [master's thesis, Tatung University]. Airiti Library. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0081-0607200917232936
- 林志衡（2018）。具有寬頻諧波抑制之共平面波導饋入圓極化天線〔碩士論文，逢甲大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6341/fcu.M0523269
- Han, T. Y. (2012). Series-Fed Microstrip Array Antenna with Circular Polarization. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2012(), 830-834-187. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/681431