台灣與中國大陸太陽能電池產業發展與競合研究

A study on the competition and cooperation of solar cell industries—The case of Taiwan and Mainland China

鄭勝鴻(Sheng-Hung Cheng)

指導教授 ： 郭建中

淡江大學/國際研究學院/中國大陸研究所碩士班/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2011.00244

摘要

在石油價格長期走揚與全球節能減排的環保趨勢下，以及各國政府積極推動可再生能源產業為下一輪帶動經濟發展的新興產業，給予可再生能源產業良好的發展機會，由於可再生能源產業的多元化發展，使得太陽能電池產業也受到相當的重視。
　　而目前太陽能電池市場，以歐盟中高所得與高電價的國家為主要消費的市場，除了高電價的因素以外，還有擁有相對比較完善的可再生能源補貼與購電政策，給予消費者使用發電成本較高的可再生能源之消費誘因，其中又以德國為最大的太陽能消費市場，而德國對於太陽能發電採取的固定電價購電機制，為現行主要太陽能消費國家對太陽能發電的收購辦法。
　　在太陽能電池產業的供給面方面，早期進入太陽能電池產業的美國、日本、德國擁有較完整的產業鏈，在產業鏈的上、中、下游具備量產的產業能力，而台灣與中國大陸做為太陽能電池產業的後進者，在雙邊都以代工出口導向的產業特性與產業鏈完整度不足的現實下，產生兩岸產業鏈的相互分工合作，以及在太陽能電池產品上激烈的海外市場競爭，為一種既競爭又合作的產業競合關係。
　　本文主要採取文獻分析法、比較分析法與SWOT分析法，從相關的產業與學術研究文獻資料做為兩岸太陽能電池產業分析比較的基礎，最後以SWOT分析兩岸太陽能電池產業各自可能的競合策略。
　　經由本文討論後認為，在整體太陽能電池產業機會增加時，兩岸的太陽能電池產業比較容易形成SWOT分析裡的“Maxi-Maxi”策略與“Mini-Maxi”策略，產生雙邊優勢加成或是以對方的產業優勢來彌補自身的產業劣勢。若在整體太陽能電池產業機會減少而威脅增加時，兩岸的太陽能電池產業容易形成SWOT分析裡的“Maxi-Mini”策略“Mini-Mini”策略，雙邊利用對方的產業優勢來以對抗外部的威脅，使兩岸的太陽能電池產業容易走向競爭大於合作的產業競合關係。

關鍵字

可再生能源 ； 太陽能電池產業 ； 產業競合 ； SWOT分析

並列摘要

As the oil price continually increases, and the issue of carbon emission for environmental sustainability becomes an inevitable concern, various governments like United States, Taiwan and Mainland China have been actively developing renewable energy industry. Being a part of renewable energy industry, solar cell industry has thus gained its importance among governments and the market.
　　Currently, those countries with higher income and higher electricity bill in the European Union are the main consume of Solar cell. The governments provide subsidies for renewable energy and policies of electricity purchase that results in higher possibility of people consuming renewable energy that has relatively higher cost. Among them, Germany has the biggest market of solar cell consumption. Her Fixed Feed-in Tariffs policy serves as the main measure among solar-consuming countries.
At the supplement phase of solar cell industry, early entrants such as United States, Japan and Germany have developed a relatively complete industry chain that is capable of generating massive production from the upstream to the downstream. On the other hand, Taiwan and Mainland China, as the latecomer, their industry chain is less developed. Moreover, both countries share a commonality that they both rely heavily on OEM (Original equipment manufacturer). These have led to both competitions and cooperation for overseas markets between the strait.
　　In this study, firstly, related literature is reviewed in order to construct a fundamental understanding of the solar cell industry. Next, comparative analysis is conducted to investigate the solar cell industry between the strait. Moreover, through SWOT analysis, applicable strategies of coopetition between Taiwan and Mainland China are discussed.
　　Based on the finding, this research suggests that the strait benefits from each other when the opportunities of developing solar cell industry increase. In other words, either "Maxi-Maxi" or "Mini-Maxi" occurs as the solar cell industry grows. On the contrary, when the opportunities decrease and the threats rise, it is more likely to result in "Maxi-Mini" or "Mini-Mini" strategies between the strait. Namely, they take the advantage of the opposite to reduce the external threats to their own industry, which leads to higher possibility of competitions rather than cooperation.

並列關鍵字

Renewable Energy ； Solar Cell Industry ； Coopetition ； WOT Analysis

參考文獻

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