透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.91.176.3
  • 學位論文

女性的中界位置: 阿蘭達蒂•洛伊的小說《微物之神》中的愛慾、身份認同與主體形塑

Women of In-betweenness: Female Sexuality, Identity and Subject Formation in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things

指導教授 : 宋美璍

摘要


本論文援引傅柯(Michel Foucault)以及巴巴(Homi K. Bhabha)的觀點,旨在探討阿蘭達蒂•洛伊的小說《微物之神》中,女性的中界位置,並分析小說中的愛慾、身份認同與主體形塑。在洛伊的刻畫之下,《微物之神》深刻地揭示出霸權體制對人性的壓迫與束縛。以印度南方小鎮為故事背景,《微物之神》不僅觸及印度種性制度的禁忌,更勾勒出印度人民於面對西方文化衝擊之下的矛盾與疏離。歷經傳統文化、殖民主義與西方現代化的層層衝突之下,印度人民的身分認同(identity)與主體性(subjectivity),再再呈現出破碎分離的不完整性與流動性。生存於傳統父權體制中的掙扎與文化交錯下的拉扯,印度女性的認同與主體建構,更彰顯出文化雜揉中的弔詭與悖離。然而,命運的枷鎖並非完全主導愛慾的纏綿,生命的糾葛賦予了主體自我追尋的動能,文化的差異建構出更多的可能性。本論文企圖展現此種不可命定的中界位置,將小說中所呈現出的模稜地帶,視為發展諸多可能性的中界地帶。 第一章援用傅柯的觀點,探討印度種性制度對人性的壓迫與宰治。此外,本章試圖詮釋洛伊小說中的逾越母題,藉此呈現出主體建構過程中的不穩定性(instability)與變化(becoming)的可能性。第二章借用巴巴的觀點,進而發展主體建構中的流動性(fluidity),意圖探討印度人民,尤其女性,在文化雜揉與衝突之下的認同矛盾以及中界位置。在此脈絡之下,第三章討論主體於矛盾衝突中所產生的弔詭與疏離,企圖探索其中諸多蛻變轉化的可能性。

關鍵字

女性 中界位置 種性制度 西化 雜揉 逾越 疏離

並列摘要


This thesis aims to investigate the in-between subject position of the Indians, especially women depicted by Arundhati Roy in The God of Small Things. It attempts to contextualize the dominant forces including the caste system, patriarchy, colonial hegemony and Western modernity in India, so as to trace the loss and difficulties that Roy presents in the novel. In light of Michel Foucault and Homi K. Bhabha, this thesis discloses the fluidity and instability of subject formation under the influence of diverse social and cultural discourses. It reveals the ambivalent and even in-between identity of the Indians who suffer oppression, displacement, loss and alienation as a result of transitions in contemporary cultural flows. However, instead of regarding the dilemma of struggling with these forces as Indians’ doomed life, this thesis explores the possibility of transformation for Indians. It takes the state of ambiguity caused by cultural hybridity as the opportunity of freeing from the suppressive manipulation. Chapter One makes clear that subject formation and women’s sexuality are results of cultural construction. In addition to unveiling the oppression of patriarchy, this chapter deconstructs the absolute truth by exemplifying the theme of transgression in the novel. Chapter Two investigates the in-between identity and discrepant subject position caused by cultural hybridity of the nation as a whole in a shifting society. It conducts the tensions inside Hindu and those with its Western conqueror. Chapter Three discusses the unresolved tension resulting from cultural impacts in post-independent India, showing the sense of alienation caused by Indians’ traumatic memory. Taking the form of hybridity, it explores the possibility of emancipation in the floating cultural space.

參考文獻


Frumkes, Lewis Burke. “A Conversation with Arundhati Roy.” The Writer. 111.11 (1998): 23-24.
- - -. “The Third Space: Interview with Homi Bhabha.” Identity: Community, Culture, Difference. Ed. Jonathan Rutherford. London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1990. 207-21.
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. “Can the Subaltern Speak?” Ed. Cary Nelson and Lawrence Grossberg. Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture. London: Macmillan, 1988. 271-313.
Mills, Sara. Michel Foucault. London and New York: Routledge, 2003.
Works Cited

延伸閱讀