從文史材料中重構漢代婦女的社會地位與感情生活

兩漢時期婦女的社會生活，伴隨著漢王朝大一統的開放意識，社會上出現了自由開放的社會風氣，婦女在這樣新舊彌合的特殊環境背景之下，獲得了一定程度的地位提高。為了要完整探究漢代這一時期的婦女地位及其情感生活，希望採取較寬廣的界線，材料收集的範圍除了以歷史史傳材料的輔佐外，更輔以漢朝的文學作品，在材料的運用與研究對象上更為廣泛，包含漢代的古詩、五七言詩、樂府、更有漢賦及散文，冀以多方全面的研究，能更深刻的瞭解並掌握漢代婦女在社會生活中的地位與感情生活的態度，而非只是片面的認識。首先就全面的婦女社會制度作為研究的開端，由這當中去分析婦女所佔有的社會地位，從政治、經濟的方面，得知女性在漢代所處的時代地位。第三章從婦女的教養展開論述，婦女有機會習得文化教育，為女性社會地位所帶來的影響。第四章的安排則為婦女在婚姻戀愛中的所展現的情感生活，除了擁有自主的婚姻自由之外，婦女更有著再婚的權利，也不受到社會輿論的壓力，這種對情感強烈而理智的態度，無非是漢代突出的女性形象。第五章延伸到漢婦女和親的真實面向作分析，事實上這些和親的婦女遠嫁異國之後，皆比在中國的社會地位來的高出許多，其所帶來的文化貢獻亦不容小覷，無非重新建構了漢代和親女性的社會地位。第六章從民間社會中所反映的婦女問題作一論述，描繪出漢朝真實的社會現象，將女性的情感如實地刻畫出來。藉由這樣的探討，對漢代婦女的社會文化現象有更深切的掌握，並將漢朝女性的社會地位與情感生活作一重新的詮釋角度。

關鍵字

漢代；婦女；社會地位；情感生活

並列摘要

Along with the unification ideology of Han Dynasty, women’s social lives were getting open up and gaining higher social status under such unique transitive era. To complete the understanding of women’s social status and emotional lives, besides historical material, the literature in Han Dynasty, including ancient form of poetry, five- and seven-syllable poem, lyrics, Han-Fu, and prose, are taken to broaden the application of material and researching objects. Hopefully, a multi-aspect study may enhance our understanding and identification on social status and attitudes of emotional lives performed by the women in Han Dynasty, instead of a partial recognition. The research shall begin with a profound social system to analyze women’s social status and define women’s position in Han Dynasty from political and economical aspects. Women’s cultural accomplishment is discussed in Chapter 3. From this text, the influence brought by the admission of the rights and opportunity to get educated, we can see women’s emotional expression from the marriage and love affairs. In addition to the freedom of marriage, women also have rights to get remarried without under gossip pressure. This kind of strong emotion did exaggerate the women image of Han Dynasty. In Chapter 5, the realistic side of political marriage in Han Dynasty rebuilt a higher social status than in China and dedicated great cultural contribution. Chapter 6 expounds the women issues reflected from folk lives. The expression of Han Dynasty also interprets women’s emotion. By the conference, we may have a further command of the society in Han and renew the interpretation of women’s social status and emotional lives.