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  • 學位論文

儒家型治療學-以孟子修養論為核心開展

Confucianist Therapeutics—On the Mencius's self-cultivation Theory

指導教授 : 曾昭旭

摘要


儒學本質上即生命之學,是通過生命之體驗與實踐來安頓生命,以成就圓滿的人格,實現人的意義價值。因此,儒家型的治療學,不只是對生命病痛的救治,而是讓生命能自覺的歸根與復位,進而凝聚生命、開發生命的創造力。故此治療學是環繞著人存在的意義而開顯,為幫助人建立根本的自信與自尊,以徹底安頓人心,滿足人的價值需求。 治療學的兩重涵義:在消極面是救助受傷的生命復原;在積極面是引導健康的生命上達。本文以儒家的生命之學為立論基礎,將儒家型的治療學,由孟子修養論為核心展開,說明孟子修養論在面對生命沉墮時,能發揮對生命的救治功能,以修養工夫為治療方式,幫助人建立根本的自信與自尊,以徹底安頓人心,避免生命形成病痛而有持續墮落的危險;而在生命升揚時,孟子修養論亦具有對生命的貞定作用,當生命經由內聖修養而完全恢復健旺之時,即可凝聚生命、開發生命的創造力,生命主體因此能充分自由、自主、自律的做道德創造,以實現生命的價值意義。因此,儒家型治療學即重在積極面,透過內聖修養工夫以涵養生命,引領生命逐漸上遂於道。 儒家型治療學緊扣著心性修養,即體是徹底的回歸自我,從無窮的內省中逆覺體證自我的真心良知;即用則是本著真誠良知的躍動,不斷發用以及物潤物,如此體用是一,藉成物以成己,實踐道德創造之生命。由儒家治療學思維及意義,化為實際之治療活動,則使生命在變動與無常中得以安頓,且能在有限的生命中,藉道德實踐與道德創造的活動,成就人的道德生命,開顯人之所以為人的存在意義與無限價值。

關鍵字

孟子 修養論 治療學 意義治療學

並列摘要


The essence of Confucianism is the study of life—settling life down via the experience and practice of life to succeed a perfect characteristic and fulfill the meaningful value of human beings. Therefore, Confucianist therapeutics not only cures the illness and pain in our life, but also enables life to return to their roots and further coheres life and develops life’ ability to create. Such therapeutics hence centers on the meaning of humans’ existence and helps people build their essential confidence and self-esteem to settle down people’s mind and satisfy their needs of value. Therapeutics passively revives injured life, and actively guides people to healthy life. This paper is based on the study of life in Confucianism, discussing Confucianist therapeutics by centering on Mencius's self-cultivation Theory which indicates that on the one hand, Mencius's self-cultivation Theory is able to cure life by helping people build their essential confidence and self-esteem to settle down people’s mind when life are depraved and prevent the danger of further depravity of ill life from happening. On the other hand, Mencius's self-cultivation Theory serves the function of stabilizing life when it is prosperous. Life is cohered and its ability to create is developed when life is prosperous because of its inner cultivation. The subject of life is therefore able to conduct moral creation liberally, independently and with self-discipline to fulfill the valuable meaning of life. Based on this, Confucianist therapeutics emphasizes more on the active aspect and guides life to the path of Daoism through the inner cultivation of life. The cultivation of mind and humanism is highly involved in Confucianist therapeutics which indicates a complete retreat to one’s ego and endless retrospect through which one’s conscience is experienced and proved. In other words, Confucianist therapeutics is based on the inner power of one’s sincere conscience which is continuously developed and affects surrounding things and people. Such cultivation allows one’s body and mind to be integrated which influences others and oneself and therefore the life of moral creation can be fulfilled. The transformation of the concept and meaning of Confucianist therapeutics into practical treatments helps settle down unstable and changeable life, and accomplishes the moral life of humans to show the existence meaning and endless value of humanness through moral practice and creation.

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被引用紀錄


翁瑜青(2011)。孟荀人性論比較〔碩士論文,淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6846%2fTKU.2011.00024

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